Comparative evaluation of novel thermo-chemical treatment methods for improved impact performance of laminated glass

Abstract

The thermal and chemical treatment used for glass is not applicable for the laminated glass due to the presence of interlayer having lower melting temperature than the minimum required temperature for the conventional treatment of glass. The present work reports four specialized treatment methods for laminated glass treatment. The effectiveness of the four novel laminated glass treatment methods is evaluated for an impact response of laminated glass. The destructive ball drop testing was performed following EN 356 on laminated glass samples after treating them with each of the four treatment methods. The treatment methods are compared based on the fracture pattern (correlated to the post-fracture response), fragment size, and amount of damage due to the impact by 2.3 kg, 83 mm diameter smooth solid steel ball from the height of 5 m. A multi-purpose algorithm (transient analysis in ANSYS 14.5 (explicit dynamics module)) was utilized for the determination of the maximum deformation and maximum equivalent stress. The regression analysis is conducted for the validation of experimental results. The impact behavior of thermo-chemically treated laminated glass samples was found to be significantly better than the untreated laminated glass samples in the most cases as the impurities/defects were reduced and strength of the laminated glass samples was increased by the treatment. These treatment methods can be customized later for the laminated glass structures and windshields during operating conditions, which would be a significant contribution to this field.

A modified random network model for P2O5–Na2O–Al2O3–SiO2 glass studied by molecular dynamics simulations

“…and Q P 4 , respectively, which is an indication that the polymerization of Si-O network as well as P-O network increase with Al/ Na ratio, especially for peralkaline compositions. The addition of P 2 O 5 enhances the polymerization of Si-O network in terms of the higher value of Q Si n .…”

“…Chemical strengthening, achieved by ion exchange through immersing an alkali-containing glass into a molten salt bath, generates high compressive stress in thin or irregular shaped glass objects without measurable optical distortion, making it one of the most important techniques of glass strengthening methods. 1 Sodium aluminosilicate glasses (NAS) are suitable for ion exchange strengthening and currently receive signicant interest not only because of their excellent mechanical properties and chemical durability, leading to wide applications in touch-screen displays, 2 windshields, 3,4 and architectures, 5,6 but also because they can serve as a good model system to introduce a wide range of oxides for tailoring their properties. [7][8][9][10][11] Among these oxide additions, P 2 O 5 has been recently studied and found to be able to increase the hardness, compressive stress and depth of ion-exchange layer by causing depolymerized silicate anions.…”

Optimizing machining processes used for high chromium steel

“…The literature review has clearly reflected that the statistical techniques (Taguchi analysis, regression analysis, gray relation analysis, and factorial design) were effectively used for optimizing end milling and EDM processes. The description of these statistical techniques are available in, [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] In the present work, the EM and EDM were optimized for the superior surface integrity and high production rate for the high chromium steel samples. Further, an explanation for the improved surface using SEM and optical scan of the machined components was presented.…”