Comparative evaluation of remineralising and adsorption properties of regular cow milk and A2 milk using human enamel discs and hydroxyapatite discs

Abstract

Depending on the frequency and type of intake, milk can affect caries formation by virtue of its demineralisation- remineralisation properties. The effect of A2 milk on human dentition is still unexplored. Hence,the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the remineralising and adsorption properties of regular cow milk and A2 milk using Human Enamel discs and Hydroxyapatite(HA) discs in an in-vitro model. Materials and methods: To evaluate the remineralising properties of milk, 24 human enamel discs and 24 Hydroxyapatite(HA) discs were divided equally into two different milk groups. Subsurface carious lesions were created and they were subjected to remineralisation-demineralisation cycles using twenty-one-day pH-cycling model. Baseline, post-demineralisation and post-remineralisation differences between the groups were studied by microhardness test (Vicker’s Indenter) and surface roughness test (profilometer). Ca:P ratio of the subtrates was analysed using Scanned Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-DEX) analysis of five HA discs, out of which two were treated with the different milk types and the remaining three with different controls. Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) based analysis, followed by densitometric evaluation was performed to examine the adsorption of caseins from the two milk types on HA discs.