Comparative evaluation of slide agglutination and Widal tube agglutination test in detecting enteric fever among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in North India

Jahan, Noor; Khatoon, Razia; Amrita, Amrita; Mehrotra, Santosh; Kumar, Sanjeev

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20163142

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This result shows the ability of the Widal test to detect truly positive results compared to the stool culture. Similar results were observed in a study conducted in India (91.2%) [15]. However, Widal sensitivity was lower in the study conducted by Olsen et al (64%) [10] and Noorbakhsh et al (2003) (75.86%) [11].…”

Section: Sensitivity Of the Widal Slide Agglutination Test And Widal supporting

confidence: 86%

Comparison of Performance of Two Widal Test Techniques With Stool Culture in the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever at the Dschang District Hospital, West Cameroon

NATHEU¹,

TELEFO²

2020

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: This study is aimed to compare the performance of two Widal test techniques with stool culture in the diagnosis of typhoid fever. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at the Dschang District Hospital in patients clinically suspected to have typhoid fever, whose stool was collected for stool culture. Furthermore, venous blood was collected and the serum was tested by both Widal slide agglutination test and Widal tube titration test. Results: The results showed that out of 750 participants include in the study, 325 (43.33%) were positive for Widal slide agglutination test, 174 (23.20%) for Widal tube titration test, and 159 (21.20%) for stool culture. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of Widal slide agglutination test with respect to stool culture were 97.48%, 71.23%, 47.69%, and 99.22%, respectively, but 100%, 97.46%, 91.37%, and 100% for the Widal tube titration test. With the stool culture, Widal slide agglutination test had a moderate agreement (kappa = 0.47), but Widal tube titration test had an absolute agreement (kappa = 0.94). Conclusion: Widal tube titration test should be used in place of Widal slide agglutination test in the diagnosis of typhoid fever in the case of limited access to stool culture test.

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Section: Sensitivity Of the Widal Slide Agglutination Test And Widal supporting

confidence: 86%

Comparison of Performance of Two Widal Test Techniques With Stool Culture in the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever at the Dschang District Hospital, West Cameroon

NATHEU¹,

TELEFO²

2020

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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“…False positivity by slide agglutination test may be due cross reactivity with non-bacterial infection such as malaria, dengue, hepatitis A, and infectious mononucleosis 12,13 . Different cross reacting antigenic epitopes of non-typhoid organism like malaria TB and dengue are responsible for false positive reaction of slide Widal test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Widal Slide Agglutination Test and Widal Tube Agglutination Test in Diagnosing Enteric Fever among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Odisha

Mukherjee¹,

Dash²,

Tiwari³

2020

jemds

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BACKGROUND Enteric fever is a feco-orally transmitted disease with significant morbidity and mortality in India. Isolation of responsible bacteria from blood or bone marrow is the gold standard method for Enteric fever but it is seldom used now a days due to long turnaround time and higher cost. In developing country like India, relatively cheaper Widal test is used to diagnose Enteric fever. There are two methods of Widal test-slide agglutination test and tube agglutination test. The present study was done to compare efficacy of the slide agglutination test and tube agglutination in diagnosing enteric fever. METHODS An OPD and IPD based cross sectional study was conducted from May 2019 to Oct 2019. A total of 100 patients with clinical suspicion of Enteric fever were included in the study. 15 ml blood was collected. Blood culture of all the samples were also performed by inoculating 10 ml of blood into appropriate blood culture media. Serum was separated from rest of the blood and serum was tested by both slide agglutination test and Widal tube agglutination test. RESULTS Among 100 patients, slide agglutination test demonstrated positive result in 40(40%) samples and Widal tube agglutination test demonstrated positive result in 27 (27%) samples only. Among 40 samples positive by slide test 12 samples were negative by blood culture test. The slide test had a sensitivity of 93.33%, specificity of 82.86%, positive predictive value of 70% and negative predictive value of 96.67% and tube test had a sensitivity of 86.67%, specificity of 98.57% positive predictive value of 96.30% and negative predictive value of 94.52% considering blood culture as gold standard. CONCLUSIONS Due to higher sensitivity but poor specificity, slide Widal test should be used for rapid screening test and positive samples should be confirmed by Widal tube agglutination test.

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“…The pattern of agglutination was determine macroscopically using the magnifying lens and compared with the controls. Antibody titre was taken as the highest dilution of serum giving visible agglutination [19,24].…”

Section: Procedures For Widal Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the response of Turkey strains to Salmonella and Newcastle vaccines

Ikpeme

2021

ARRB

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This research work was carried out to evaluate the immune response of 3 turkey strains to salmonella and Newcastle vaccines measured via antibody titre. The study deployed a total of 120 poults (40 black, 40 white and 40 lavender) strains. To ascertain the initial antibody titre of all the birds, blood samples were obtained from their wing veins immediately after acclimatization for salmonella and Newcastle antibody titre. The test for salmonella and Newcastle antibody titre responses of the birds were performed using widal and haemagglutination inhibition (HI), respectively. The birds were divided into two broad groups tagged as A and B, which represented Salmonella and Newcastle vaccines, respectively. Each group had 3 sub-groups denoting the 3 strains of turkey used for the study. After vaccination, blood samples were collected from all the birds at 3 and 5 days for laboratory assessment of antibody titre response. The results showed that there was significant increase (p<0.05) in the antibody titre response of all the turkey strains after vaccination. Results obtained on the time of exposure of the birds to vaccine revealed that higher antibody titre values were obtained from the black and white turkey strains at 3 days than at 5 days after administration of Newcastle vaccine, except in the lavender strain, which had higher titre value at 5 days after Newcastle vaccination. Following administration of salmonella vaccine, black and lavender strains had statistically higher antibody titre response (2.03 and 2.10 mean loge widal, respectively) than white strain (1.86 mean loge widal). Similarly, the black strain also had higher antibody titre value when Newcastle vaccine was administered (2.35 mean loge HI) followed by lavender (1.99 mean loge HI) and white strain (1.71 mean loge HI). Black strains showed more antibody titre response and by implication, stronger immunity to Salmonella and Newcastle vaccines. More importantly, the differential response of the 3 turkey strains to vaccine could give turkey breeders the choice of selection of turkey breeds for disease resistance breeding.

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Comparative evaluation of slide agglutination and Widal tube agglutination test in detecting enteric fever among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in North India

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Comparison of Performance of Two Widal Test Techniques With Stool Culture in the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever at the Dschang District Hospital, West Cameroon

Comparison of Performance of Two Widal Test Techniques With Stool Culture in the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever at the Dschang District Hospital, West Cameroon

Comparative Evaluation of Widal Slide Agglutination Test and Widal Tube Agglutination Test in Diagnosing Enteric Fever among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Odisha

Evaluation of the response of Turkey strains to Salmonella and Newcastle vaccines

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