Comparative Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effects of Different Mouthrinses against Streptococcus Mutans: An in Vitro Study

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the antimicrobial effects of different natural and semi-natural mouthrinses on isolates of S. mutans obtained from the saliva of Saudi children and reference strains of S mutans (ATCC 25175). Study design: Saliva samples were collected from 20 children. Natural and semi-natural mouthrinses included were herbal mix mouthrinse, cranberry mouthrinse, chlorhexidine digluconate mouthrinse, cranberry extract mixed with chlorhexidine digluconate mouthrinse, chlorhexidine digluconate mouthrinse with alcohol (positive control), and distilled water (negative control). The microbiological examination tests were minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal bactericidal concentration, and zone of inhibition for the saliva isolates of S. mutans while zone of inhibition test only for reference strain of S. mutans. Results: For reference strain in a comparison with the distilled water, the herbal mix, cranberry, cranberry mixed with chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine, and chlorhexidine with alcohol showed significantly increased zones of inhibition by 36.38, 36.25, 26.13, 17.75, and 12.38, respectively. For saliva isolates in a comparison with the distilled water, the herbal mix, cranberry, cranberry mixed with chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine, and chlorhexidine with alcohol showed significantly increased zones of inhibition by 38.00, 34.25, 22.94, 16.50, and 16.44, respectively. Chlorhexidine with alcohol showed significantly lower minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration than the other groups. Conclusions: Herbal mix and cranberry mouthrinses could be effective natural alternative to chlorhexidine mouthrinse with or without alcohol in affecting tested parameters.

Comparison of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Bamboo Shoot Ethanol Extract With Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse Against Salivary Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus: An Ex Vivo Study

“…A succession of studies [16][17][18] have looked into the antibacterial action of CHX, and our results are in line with the scientific evidence that has been published. An in vitro study that discovered substantial inhibitory zones linked to different concentrations of bamboo extract further supported the anti-adhesion action [19].…”

Effects of Essential Oil Containing Mouth Rinse in Children with Black Staining : Two Case Reports

“…Essential oils can also kill grampositive bacteria, which can grow up colonies by adhering to acquired pellicle [12,21]. Although CHG is the golden standard antimicrobial mouth rinse, it is not often used on a daily basis due to its side effects, such as causing calculus formation, altering patients' sense of taste, causing discoloration, and allowing opportunistic infection [22]. Furthermore, CHG's effectiveness is reduced when it interacts with blood serum, other antimicrobial agents, and toothpaste.…”

“…Cinnamon, cranberry, and other herbal mouth rinses are also effective anti-plaque agents. Its anti-adhesion ability prevent reformation of BS [22].…”