Comparative evaluation of the clinical presentation and epidemiology of the 2022 and previous Mpox outbreaks: a rapid review and meta-analysis

Okoli, George N; Caeseele, Paul Van; Askin, Nicole; Abou‐Setta, Ahmed M

doi:10.1080/23744235.2023.2214609

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Lymphadenopathy was present in 15% (9/60) of patients, which was a lower rate than in previous reports. 15 This may be due to limitations of this retrospective study, and the inguinal area was affected in all these patients. In addition, there was one case of suspected conjunctivitis, three cases of proctitis, and no case of lung infiltration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Clinical Features of Mpox Patients in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Lim,

Jo,

Lee

et al. 2024

J Korean Med Sci

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Background Mpox is a viral illness with a characteristic skin rash caused by the monkeypox virus. In 2022, Mpox spread throughout the world, and an epidemic through domestic transmission started in South Korea in early 2023. This study aimed to summarize the clinical features of Mpox patients in South Korea. Methods This is a multicenter retrospective study conducted at four hospitals in South Korea. All adult patients diagnosed with Mpox who were admitted to the study hospitals between June 1, 2022 and May 26, 2023 and were discharged by June 30, 2023 were reviewed. Results Sixty patients were included, accounting for 65.9% of Mpox cases reported in South Korea during the study period. Median age was 32 years and 97% (58/60) of patients were male. In total, 85% (51/60) of patients reported their sexual orientation as homosexual or bisexual. The most common route of transmission was sexual or close contact (55/60). Every patient had a skin rash and 88% (53/60) had constitutional symptoms. In total, 42% (25/60) of patients had human immunodeficiency virus and 25% (15/60) had concomitant sexually transmitted infections. Severe manifestations of Mpox were identified in only two patients. Conclusion Mpox patients in South Korea were mainly young adult males and were infected through sexual contact. The clinical outcomes were favorable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Clinical Features of Mpox Patients in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Lim,

Jo,

Lee

et al. 2024

J Korean Med Sci

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“…3 The major route of transmission was sexual contact, with the majority of cases involving men who have sex with men (MSM). 1,4,[6][7][8] In Thailand, mpox is a communicable disease under surveillance by the Department of Disease Control (DDC). Every mpox case must be reported to the eventbased surveillance (EBS) system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the First Non-sexual Household-transmitted Mpox Cluster with Rapid Situation Analysis of Mpox Epidemic in Thailand

Jirapanakorn,

Sornsurin,

Sangthong

et al. 2024

OSIR

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On 22 May 2023, the mpox cluster was reported in a household in Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. We investigated to confirm the outbreak and diagnoses, describe its possible linkage and source, and identify potential fomite transmission. We interviewed all cases, traced their contacts, and swabbed household surfaces for mpox. We conducted a rapid situation analysis of mpox cases in Thailand until July 2023. Three cases were confirmed within the same household involving five individuals. The first case was a sexually active male and the second case was his intimate partner. The third case was the mother of the second case. The first two cases reported no sexual activity after symptoms appeared. They both attended a shaving ceremony and engaged in activities without wearing face masks. The third case had direct contact with her son's droplets and rash and then developed symptoms, without rash and fever. No additional case was detected among participants of the ceremony. One of two other household members tested negative after developing symptom while the other was asymptomatic. Despite house cleaning with 70%-ethanol, before investigation, 18 of 27 environmental swabs tested positive, with cycle threshold values ≥30. Since situation analysis revealed no previously reported non-sexual household mpox transmission, this investigation confirmed its existence. Risk communication should address the plausibility of non-sexual transmission. Mpox symptom may occur without rash and fever, emphasizing the importance of testing suspected individuals and revising mpox investigation guidelines accordingly. Surface cleaning with 70%-ethanol may reduce fomite transmissibility.

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“…On the 7th of May 2022, the United Kingdom reported a confirmed case of Mpox in a person who had returned from a trip to Nigeria. This was followed by reports of Mpox cases spreading across Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia [ 7 ]. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as of November 8, 2023, the total number of confirmed Mpox cases reported globally was 91,417, with a total of 166 deaths [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and viral load variations of Mpox: a retrospective study in Chongqing, China

Yang,

Xia,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Purpose Since May 2022, Mpox has spread extensively outside of Africa, posing a serious threat to the health of people globally, and particularly to the men who have sex with men (MSM) population. Chongqing, a province in Southwest China, has relatively large MSM and people living with HIV (PLWH) populations, presenting conditions conducive to the wide dissemination of Mpox. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics of Mpox patients among MSM and PLWH in Chongqing, aiming to inform the development of targeted prevention, control, and treatment strategies for Mpox. Method We evaluated the clinical characteristics, travel history, time of onset, distribution and number of skin lesions of Mpox patients admitted to the Chongqing Public Health Medical Center between September 2022 and October 2023. Meanwhile, a series of clinical samples were collected and the pathogen of interest was identified as Mpox virus using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results were presented in the form of cycle thresholds (Ct), which help to approximate the quantification of viral load. Results As of October 11, 2023, the Chongqing Public Health Medical Center reported a total of nine Mpox virus infections. All the patients identified were male and belonged to the MSM population, among whom seven (77.8%) were living with HIV, and maintained a preserved immune system while achieving viral suppression via effective ART. We observed no discernible clinical differences between MSM with Mpox with or without HIV, and no fatalities were recorded. Viral loads were observed to be higher in samples taken from the skin than those from the throat, nasopharynx, blood, or semen. Conclusion In this retrospective study, the clinical manifestations of MPXV infection appeared consistent among MSM patients, regardless of HIV status. Elevated MPXV viral loads in the skin and mucosal tissues, particularly at genital and anal sites, indicate that transmission is more likely to occur via direct physical contact as opposed to respiratory pathways or through exposure to bodily fluids.

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Comparative evaluation of the clinical presentation and epidemiology of the 2022 and previous Mpox outbreaks: a rapid review and meta-analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 103 publications

Clinical Features of Mpox Patients in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Clinical Features of Mpox Patients in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

An Investigation of the First Non-sexual Household-transmitted Mpox Cluster with Rapid Situation Analysis of Mpox Epidemic in Thailand

Clinical features and viral load variations of Mpox: a retrospective study in Chongqing, China

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