Aim:The purpose of this study was to assess the surface roughness of six different restorative materials when covered with surface coating agent prior to 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application. Materials and methods: Six restorative materials (Fuji IX, Amalgomer CR, Dyract XP, Beautifil II, ACTIVA, Filtek Z250) were used in this study. 28 specimens were prepared from each material and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=7) according to surface treatment regimens. Group C: control, no application, Group F: only acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application, Group S: only surface coating agent application, Group SF: acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application following the surface coating procedure. The surface roughness values for all specimens were measured using profilometer. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Newman Keuls and Tukey's tests (p<0.05). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in surface roughness between group C and F for all analyzed materials, except for Amalgomer CR (p>0.05). The control group of Amalgomer CR showed greater surface roughness values than that of the group F (p=0.001). Group S produced significantly smoother surfaces than the group C for all restorative materials, except Dyract XP (p=0.001).
Conclusion:1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application did not promote a significant increase on the surface roughness of restorative materials whether or not surface coated. However, surface coating was found to produce smoother surfaces.