Comparative Evaluation of Wild and Farmed Rainbow Trout Fish Based on Representative Chemosensory and Microbial Indicators of Their Habitats

Abstract

Wild and farmed rainbow trout were compared with chemical profiling, chemosensory properties, carbon concentration and isotope analyses, 1-and 2-GC/O-MS, GC-FID, and aroma profile analyses. Results were linked with the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiological profile of the fish sources using multivariate statistical analysis. Fish from natural environments proved to have better sensory properties in terms of fruity, sweet, and citrusy attributes, compared to farmed fish. However, the farmed fish were found to have higher nutritional value based on their lipid contents. These differences might relate to the introduction of feed extrudates, which could influence the overall quality of fish products. Thereby, malodor episodes linked to musty/earthy off-odor notes related to odorants including geosmin, β-caryophyllene, (E,Z)-2,4-nonadienal, and (E,E)-2,4nonadienal. These compounds, in turn, correlated with Asticcacaulis benevestitus, Curvibacter sp., Albidiferax sp., Aquabacterium commune, and Aquabacterium citratiphilum abundance and were further affected by oxygen levels in the water column.

Assessment of Rhizopus arrhizus RL (OR398886) chitosan-based films as a sustainable option for fresh beef packaging

“…The data were statistically analyzed using the IBM® SPSS® Statistics program version 19 and Duncan's Multiple Range Test 29 at 5% at a signi cance level of 5%. Heatmap-based clustering and principal component analysis were performed using the Originpro 2024 program 30,31 . Shelf-life estimation was done 32 .…”

The Chemical, Rheological, and Sensorial Characteristics of Arabic Bread Prepared from Wheat-Orange Sweet Potatoes Flour or Peel

“…The preparation of data for statistical analysis included testing for outliers, normalization, and z-score calculations where it was found to be normally distributed according to Mahmoud et al [ 47 , 48 ]. A one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test was performed to test the variations between samples based on the means ± standard deviations of three replicates for each of the variables.…”

The Bioactive Substances in Spent Black Tea and Arabic Coffee Could Improve the Nutritional Value and Extend the Shelf Life of Sponge Cake after Fortification

“…According to Mahmoud and Magdy and Mahmoud et al, the data was prepared for statistical analysis by being tested for outliers, normalized, and calculated z -scores when it was discovered to be normally distributed. To examine the differences between samples based on the means and standard deviations of triplicates for each of the variables and 10 in another variable, a one-way ANOVA was conducted, followed by Duncan’s test.…”