Comparative Evaluation of Yen Angle and W Angle with ANB Angle, Wits Appraisal, and Beta Angle for Predicting Sagittal Jaw Dysplasia: A Cephalometric Study

Abstract

Introduction Sagittal jaw relationship is one of the basic criteria assessed for orthodontic diagnosis. ANB angle, Wits appraisal, and Beta angle are the most commonly used measures. Yen angle and W angle have been recently introduced. It was necessary to assess their predictability by comparing them with routinely used sagittal jaw indicators. Aim To assess Yen angle and W angle and compare them with ANB angle, Wits appraisal, and Beta angle in predicting sagittal jaw dysplasia. Materials and methods A total of 40 lateral cephalograms of class I malocclusion subjects were selected and traced as per the inclusion criteria. ANB angle, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, Yen angle, and W angle were measured and compared with each other. Statistical analyses used were independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Results ANB angle, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, Yen angle, and W angle all show a significant correlation with each other. Yen angle and W angle show best correlation with ANB angle showing 100% sensitivity. The values of specificity and accuracy of Yen angle with ANB angle are 73.7 and 81.48% respectively, and that of W angle with ANB angle are 44.4 and 67.74% respectively. Conclusion Yen angle and W angle show a good correlation with each other and with other three measures. Both the angles show highest correlation with ANB angle and the least correlation with Wits appraisal. Yen angle shows stronger correlation with ANB angle than W angle. Yen angle and W angle can be used to assess sagittal jaw dysplasia in addition to the established angles. How to cite this article Kapadia RM, Diyora SD, Shah RB, Modi BN. Comparative Evaluation of Yen Angle and W Angle with ANB Angle, Wits Appraisal, and Beta Angle for Predicting Sagittal Jaw Dysplasia: A Cephalometric Study. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):26-31.

Evaluation of Various Sagittal Cephalometric Measurements in Skeletal Class I Individuals with Different Vertical Facial Growth Types

“…In addition, Sundareswaran and Kumar's study evaluating the differences in the Beta angle between different malocclusion groups also reported that the Beta angle had higher values in HA cases, a finding that supports the results of our study (24). Similar to previous studies (9,21), it was determined that there are significant negative correlations between the ANB angle and Beta, W and Yen angles in both the total sample and each vertical face type. In a study conducted by Alhammadi et al, the Beta angle does not differ in individuals with Class I malocclusion and different vertical facial types (12).…”

“…For this analysis, numerous cephalometric points, angular and linear measurements, and Badania kliniczne / Clinical research various analyses have been used (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)14). Due to the large number of existing analytic methods, the same problem can be defined with different values (21). In our study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between individuals with different vertical facial growth types in order to interpret the various parameters used in the definition of malocclusions in the sagittal dimension.…”

Comparative Assessment of Sagittal Jaw Discrepancies by Various Cephalometric Parameters in Skeletal Class I and Class II Malocclusion among Bhopal Population: A Cephalometric Study

“…In our study the Skeletal Class I group shows that ANB Angle had significant moderate positive correlation with Pi Angle(r=0.411**). This result is in accordance with the study by Jain et al [16] and in contrast with the study by Kumar et al [12] while ANB Angle had significant moderate negative correlation with Beta Angle (r=-0.351**) which was supported by Bhardwaj et al, [17] Sharma et al, [18] Kapadia et al, [19] and ANB had non significant weak negative correlation with Yen Angle (r=-0.197) which is in accordance with the findings by Mittal et al, [14] Jain et al, [16] and W Angle (r=-0.199) Sharma et al, [18] Kapadia et al [19] . (Table -2)…”

“…In Skeletal Class I group it was found that Wits Appraisal had significant moderate negative correlation with Beta Angle(r=-0.351**) which is supported with study done by Bhardwaj et al, [17] Sharma et al, [18] Kapadia et al [19] and had significant moderate positive correlation with Pi Angle (r=0.338**) which is in accordance with results of Jain et al [16] and in contrast with the study conducted by Kumar et al [12] (Table -2) In Skeletal Class II group Wits had a significant strong negative correlation with Beta Angle. (r=-0.599**) which is in accordance with the study by Bhardwaj et al, [17] Sharma et al, [18] Kapadia et al [19] and non significant weak but positive correlation with Pi Angle (r=0.203) which favours the results of studies done by Jain et al [16] and Kumar et al [12] (Table -3) Beta Angle was introduced by Chong Yol Baik and Marie Ververidou. [10] They uses 3 Skeletal landmarks i.e Points A , Point B and apparent axis of condyle (Point C).…”

“…In the Skeletal Class II group, it is also found that the ANB Angle had a non significant, weak but positive correlation with Pi Angle (r=0.171). This is supported by the study of Jain et al [16] and Kumar et al [12] while ANB Angle had significant weak negative correlation with Yen Angle (r=-0.272*) which is in accordance with the study by Mittal et al, [14] Jain et al [16] and non significant weak negative correlation with Beta Angle(r=0.189) which is supported by Bhardwaj et al17, Sharma et al 18 , Kapadia et al [19] and W Angle (r=0.066). Sharma et al, [18] Kapadia et al, [19] and Parvez et al [20] (Table - These values are closer to the study by Qamaruddin et al [21] and in contrast with the results of Moore et al [2] stated that Wits Appraisal was not influenced by rotations of jaws or landmarks but still had problem in recognizing functional occlusal plane correctly specially in mixed dentition or in cases of apertognathia, multiple impactions, skeletal asymmetries, severe cants, deep curve of spee or missing teeth.…”