Comparative fermentability of sorbitol, glucose and glycerol by common oral microorganisms

Crowley, Mary C.; Harner, Verna; Bennett, Alice S.; Jay, Philip

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1956.0024

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This corresponds with earlier findings that protein(-containing) foodstuffs, provided they are free from carbohydrates, rather increase plaque pH [Rugg-Gunn et al, 1975], Sorbitol proved to be of low fermentabil ity in the plaque-saliva suspension. This corresponds with the results obtained in vi tro [Crowley et al, 1956;Shockley et al, 1956] and in vivo [Miihlemann, 1969;Neff, 1967], In the monoculture, the fermentabili ty of sorbitol as related to that of glucose shows a percentage of 40. This unexpected ly high value might be explained as follows.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Acid Production from a Nonsugar Licorice and Different Sugar Substitutes in Streptococcus mutans Monoculture and Pooled Plaque-Saliva Mixtures

Toors¹,

Herczog²

1978

Caries Res

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Acid production from an experimental, nonsugar licorice, its separate constituents and some other foodstuffs was measured in bacterial suspensions. A strain of Streptococcus mutans and a fresh, pooled plaque-saliva mixture were used to test the fermentability of the substrates. The experimental licorice proved to be relatively well fermentable by both S. mutans and the plaque-saliva mixture. Of its ingredients the polysaccharides showed to be most acidogenic, gum arabic, xylitol and a protein derivative producing very little acid. Sorbitol showed a slight acid production in the plaque-saliva medium. In this medium, hydrogenated potato starch exhibited a relatively high degradability. S. mutans precultured on sorbitol and hydrogenated potato starch showed a considerably reduced capacity to ferment glucose. Telemetry of interdental plaque pH showed a critical drop after consumption of the experimental licorice, i. e. to pH 5.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This is in agreement with results obtained by other investigators who incubated glycerol, sorbitol and glucose in media containing oral streptococci and lactobacilli. Glycerol in these experiments caused a very low acid production, even less than sorbitol [Crowley et al, 1956].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Acid Production from a Nonsugar Licorice and Different Sugar Substitutes in Streptococcus mutans Monoculture and Pooled Plaque-Saliva Mixtures

Toors¹,

Herczog²

1978

Caries Res

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“…Sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, is only slowly metabolized in vitro by oral bacteria (Grubb, 1945;Crowley et al, 1956;Shockley et al, 1956) and is hypo-acidogenic in vivo in dental plaque (Fosdick et al, 1957;Frostell, 1964;Graf, 1969;Imfeld, 1977). It has been suggested that partial replacement of sucrose in the diet by sorbitol would lead to reduced caries incidence (Grubb, 1945;Fosdick et al, 1957).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo Measurements of Sulcal Plaque pH After Topical Applications of Sorbitol and Sucrose in Rats Fed Sorbitol or Sucrose

Firestone

Navia

1986

J Dent Res

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To test whether adaptation to sorbitol could be observed in rat plaque, we made pH measurements of rat sulcal plaque in vivo, following topical application of 10% sorbitol solution. Rat pups were inoculated orally with S. mutans 6715 and fed diet MIT 305 (5% sucrose) for 16 days. Baseline sulcal plaque pH response of these rats to topical application of 10% sorbitol solution was measured. One group of 16 rats was then fed 20% sucrose in the diet, and a second group 20% sorbitol. After 13 days' feeding of the experimental diets (four days were used for accommodation to dose, and nine days at the 20% level for sorbitol), there was a significantly greater (p less than 0.01) drop in pH following topical application of 10% sorbitol in this group than in the sucrose-fed group. There was no difference in the pH response of the two groups to topical application of a 10% sucrose solution when tested six days later. The sulcal enamel caries score was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in the sucrose group, but buccal enamel scores were similar in both groups. Adaptation in rat plaque took place, and could be measured in vivo as an increased drop in sulcal plaque pH following topical application of sorbitol. It is not clear whether this adaptation was primarily due to selection of sorbitol-fermenting micro-organisms, or, more likely, by induction of sorbitol-specific enzymes. Relative to the sucrose-containing diet, the sorbitol diet was hypocariogenic, even under experimental conditions.

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Die katalytische Herstellung von Zuckeralkoholen und deren Verwendung

Albert

Strätz

Vollheim

1980

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Catalytic production of sugar alcohols (polyols) and their application. The article surveys the numerous applications of the principal sugar alcohols sorbitol and xylitol and their world production in 1978. Nowadays, the industrial production of sugar alcohols is almost exclusively by catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding sugars; thus sorbitol is manufactured by hydrogenation of D‐glucose, xylitol by hydrogenation of xylose, and mannitol by hydrogenation of invert sugar or fructose. Some 80% of the world production of sugar alcohols are manufactured in batch suspension processes using Raney nickel catalysts. Apart from the Atlas Powder continuous suspension process employing nickel‐carrier catalysts, continuous processes have recently been developed which use Raney nickel and prove more economical owing to the lower catalyst costs. Trickling processes with fixed catalyst continue to play a minor role. Available production capacity based on batch suspension processes can be expanded by process optimization and new catalyst developments. A newly developed special Raney nickel catalyst reduces the specific catalyst consumption by about 50%.

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Comparative fermentability of sorbitol, glucose and glycerol by common oral microorganisms

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Acid Production from a Nonsugar Licorice and Different Sugar Substitutes in Streptococcus mutans Monoculture and Pooled Plaque-Saliva Mixtures

Acid Production from a Nonsugar Licorice and Different Sugar Substitutes in Streptococcus mutans Monoculture and Pooled Plaque-Saliva Mixtures

In vivo Measurements of Sulcal Plaque pH After Topical Applications of Sorbitol and Sucrose in Rats Fed Sorbitol or Sucrose

Die katalytische Herstellung von Zuckeralkoholen und deren Verwendung

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