Comparative gene expression profiles for highly similar aggressive phenotypes in male and female cichlid fishes (<i>Julidochromis</i>)

Schumer, Molly; Krishnakant, Kavita; Renn, Suzy C. P.

doi:10.1242/jeb.055467

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…If populations possess similar traits, perhaps not surprisingly, the genetic architecture of those traits may also be similar because natural selection may have acted on the same genes that underlie the traits (Campbell and Bernatchez, 2004;Turner et al, 2010;Schumer et al, 2011). We found that the Atlantic salmon had similar genetic architectures (amounts of additive and non-additive effects) for seven out of the nine traits despite having a relatively large F ST value.…”

Section: Energy Conversionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Genetic architecture of survival and fitness-related traits in two populations of Atlantic salmon

2013

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The additive genetic effects of traits can be used to predict evolutionary trajectories, such as responses to selection. Non-additive genetic and maternal environmental effects can also change evolutionary trajectories and influence phenotypes, but these effects have received less attention by researchers. We partitioned the phenotypic variance of survival and fitness-related traits into additive genetic, non-additive genetic and maternal environmental effects using a full-factorial breeding design within two allopatric populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Maternal environmental effects were large at early life stages, but decreased during development, with non-additive genetic effects being most significant at later juvenile stages (alevin and fry). Non-additive genetic effects were also, on average, larger than additive genetic effects. The populations, generally, did not differ in the trait values or inferred genetic architecture of the traits. Any differences between the populations for trait values could be explained by maternal environmental effects. We discuss whether the similarities in architectures of these populations is the result of natural selection across a common juvenile environment.

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Section: Energy Conversionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Genetic architecture of survival and fitness-related traits in two populations of Atlantic salmon

2013

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“…; Schumer et al. ) showed differential expression, although not generally in the expected directions. The α‐subunit of the gonadotropins follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) is crucially important to reproductive physiology, including gametogenesis and synthesis of sex steroid hormones in the gonads (e.g., see Maruska et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…; Schumer et al. ). However, in the present study, the only significant difference in whole brain AVT expression was increased expression in sneakers relative to females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Schumer et al. ). Due to the challenges associated with collecting samples in the field (specifically, collection of tissue from all four phenotypes immediately following behavioral observation, and the limited amount of RNA were able to extract from smaller individuals), there was no opportunity to examine expression variance between individuals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Schumer et al. ; O'Connell & Hofmann ) and at the level of candidate neuroendocrine gene expression (Greenwood et al. ; Maruska et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural Gene Expression Profiles and Androgen Levels Underlie Alternative Reproductive Tactics in the Ocellated Wrasse, Symphodus ocellatus

et al. 2014

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Discrete variation in reproductive behavior and physiology is observed in diverse taxa. Although it is known that most within‐sex alternative reproductive tactics arise as a consequence of phenotypic plasticity, relatively little is known about differential neural gene expression among plastic alternative reproductive phenotypes. In the ocellated wrasse Symphodus ocellatus, males exhibit one of three alternative tactics (nesting, satellite, and sneaker) within a reproductive season, but switch tactics between years. Satellites and sneakers spawn parasitically in dominant (nesting) males' nests, but only nesting males provide parental care. Nesting and satellite males show transient cooperative defense of nests against sneakers. Here, we analyze circulating sex steroid hormone levels and neural gene expression profiles in these three male phenotypes and in females. 11‐ketotestosterone (but not testosterone) was highest in nesting males, while estradiol was highest in females. Brain transcriptomes of satellites and females were most similar to each other and intermediate to nesting and sneaker males. Sneakers showed more total expression differences, whereas nesting males showed higher magnitude expression differences. Our findings reveal the surprising extent to which neural gene expression patterns vary across reproductive tactics that vary in a number of social traits, including aggression, territoriality, and cooperation, providing important insights into the molecular mechanisms that may underlie variation in cooperative and reproductive behavior.

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Neurogenomics of Behavioral Plasticity

Harris

Hofmann

2013

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Across animals, there is remarkable diversity in behavior. Modern genomic approaches have made it possible to identify the molecular underpinnings of varied behavioral phenotypes. By examining species with plastic phenotypes we have begun to understand the dynamic and flexible nature of neural transcriptomes and identified gene modules associated with variation in social and reproductive behaviors in diverse species. Importantly, it is becoming increasingly clear that some candidate genes and gene networks are involved in complex social behaviors across even divergent species, yet few comparative transcriptomics studies have been conducted that examine a specific behavior across species. We discuss the implications of a range of important and insightful studies that have increased our understanding of the neurogenomics of behavioral plasticity. Despite its successes, behavioral genomics has been criticized for its lack of hypotheses and causative insights. We propose here a novel avenue to overcome some of these short-comings by complementing "forward genomics" studies (i.e., from phenotype to behaviorally relevant gene modules) with a "reverse genomics" approach (i.e., manipulating novel gene modules to examine effects on behavior, hormones, and the genome itself) to examine the functional causes and consequences of differential gene expression patterns. We discuss how several established approaches (such as pharmacological manipulations of a novel candidate pathway, fine scale mapping of novel candidate gene expression in the brain, or identifying direct targets of a novel transcription factor of interest) can be used in combination with the analysis of the accompanying neurogenomic responses to reveal unexpected biological processes. The integration of forward and reverse genomics will move the field beyond statistical associations and yield great insights into the neural and molecular control of social behavior and its evolution.

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Comparative gene expression profiles for highly similar aggressive phenotypes in male and female cichlid fishes (Julidochromis)

Cited by 32 publications

References 78 publications

Genetic architecture of survival and fitness-related traits in two populations of Atlantic salmon

Genetic architecture of survival and fitness-related traits in two populations of Atlantic salmon

Neural Gene Expression Profiles and Androgen Levels Underlie Alternative Reproductive Tactics in the Ocellated Wrasse, Symphodus ocellatus

Neurogenomics of Behavioral Plasticity

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