Comparative genome analysis of Bacillus velezensis reveals a potential for degrading lignocellulosic biomass

Abstract

Genomes of 24 sequenced strains were characterized to identity shared and unique genes of lignocellulolytic enzymes and predict potential to degrade lignocellulose. All 24 strains had genes that encoded lignocellulolytic enzymes, with potential to degrade cellulose and hemicelluloses. Several lignocellulosic genes related to cellulose degradation were universally present, including one GH5 (endo-1,4-β-glucanase), one GH30 (glucan endo-1,6-β-glucosidase), two GH4 (6-phospho-β-glucosidase, 6-phospho-α-glucosidase), one GH1 (6-phospho-β-galactosidase), one GH16 (β-glucanase) and three GH32 (two sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase and levanase). However, in the absence of gene(s) for cellobiohydrolase, it was predicted that none of the 24 strains would be able to directly hydrolyse cellulose. Regarding genes for hemicellulose degradation, four GH43 (1,4-β-xylosidase; except strain 9912D), one GH11 (endo-1,4-β-xylanase), three GH43 (two arabinan endo-1,5-α-L-arabinosidase and one arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase), two GH51 (α-N-arabinofuranosidase), one GH30 (glucuronoxylanase), one GH26 (β-mannosidase) and one GH53 (arabinogalactan endo-1,4-β-galactosidase) were present. In addition, two PL1 (pectate lyase) and one PL9 (pectate lyase) with potential for pectin degradation were conserved among all 24 strains. In addition, all 24 had limited representation of the auxiliary activities super-family, consistent with a limited ability to degrade lignin. Therefore, it was predicted that for these bacteria to degrade lignin, pretreatment of lignocellulosic substrates may be required. Finally, based on in silico studies, we inferred that strains may degrade a range of polysaccharides in lignocellulosic biomasses.

Novel research on nanocellulose production by a marine Bacillus velezensis strain SMR: a comparative study

“…While B. velezensis SMR produced NC, interestingly, different B. velezensis isolates were shown to possess the genes encoding putative lignocellulolytic enzymes and were able to efficiently degrade lignocellulosic, cellulosic and hemicellulosic materials 25 , 26 . Moreover, it has been shown that B. velezensis strain 157 is able to degrade various agro-industrial byproducts including soybean meal, wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, rice husk, maize flour and maize straw utilized in biofuel production.…”

“…Percentage of bacterial isolates forming thin mesh layer on HS broth after static growth for 7 days at 30 °C and showing positive results with Fehling test. and hemicellulosic materials 25,26 . Moreover, it has been shown that B. velezensis strain 157 is able to degrade various agro-industrial byproducts including soybean meal, wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, rice husk, maize flour and maize straw utilized in biofuel production.…”

Selecting lipopeptide‐producing, Fusarium‐suppressing Bacillus spp.: Metabolomic and genomic probing of Bacillus velezensis NWUMFkBS10.5

“…It, however, contained putative gene clusters encoding sporulation, biofilm formation, and antibiotic synthesis, (macrolactin, bacilysin, bacillibactin, surfactin, bacillopeptin, bacillaene, iturin, fengycin, and difficidin) that could also be found in these strains (Pandin et al, ) (Tables and ). Gene clusters for amylocyclicin (detected in B. velezensis FZB42 and B. velezensis LS69) (Liu et al, ; Scholz et al, ), butirosin (detected in B. velezensis LM2303) (Chen, ), ericin (detected in B. velezensis RC 218) (Palazzini et al, ), and lignin degradation (Chen et al, ) were located in NWUMFkBS10.5 genome.…”

“…In Table 5 and Figure 7a, Figure S5h) of NWUMFkBS10.5, even though the NWUMFkBS10.5 blast did not branch directly with any of the iturin operons (Supporting Information Figure S6). It, however, contained putative gene clusters encoding sporulation, biofilm formation, and antibiotic synthesis, (macrolactin, bacilysin, bacillibactin, surfactin, bacillopeptin, bacillaene, iturin, fengycin, and difficidin) that could also be found in these strains (Pandin et al, 2018) Huang, Guo, and Yousef (2014), (detected in B. velezensis RC 218) (Palazzini et al, 2016), and lignin degradation (Chen et al, 2018) were located in NWUMFkBS10.5 genome.…”

Detailed Mode of Action of Arabinan-Debranching ��-L-Arabinofuranosidase GH51 from Bacillus velezensis

“…Recent comparative genome analyses among various B. velezensis spp. have revealed their potential as degraders of lignocellulosic biomass [24]. An open reading frame encoding a novel AFase (BvAF) was found from the genome of B. velezensis FZB42 [25].…”