Comparative genomic analysis and expression of the APETALA2-like genes from barley, wheat, and barley-wheat amphiploids

Abstract

Background: The APETALA2-like genes form a large multi-gene family of transcription factors which play an important role during the plant life cycle, being key regulators of many developmental processes. Many studies in Arabidopsis have revealed that the APETALA2 (AP2) gene is implicated in the establishment of floral meristem and floral organ identity as well as temporal and spatial regulation of flower homeotic gene expression.

Development of a High-Density SNP-Based Linkage Map and Detection of QTL for β-Glucans, Protein Content, Grain Yield per Spike and Heading Time in Durum Wheat

“…Similar studies were conducted in rice [58], barley [59] and wheat [59]. Another gene involved in flowering promotion and associated with QGys.mgb-3A.2 was gigantea 3 ( TaGI3 ) [60].…”

Identification of suitable reference genes for normalization of qPCR data in comparative transcriptomics analyses in the Triticeae

“…Accordingly, the number of studies identifying reference genes in plant species has increased over the last years (Hong et al 2008;Cruz et al 2009;Hu et al 2009;Paolacci et al 2009;Tong et al 2009;Lee et al 2010). For gene expression comparison among different Triticeae species, single reference genes, such as actin (T. aestivum beta-actin, accession number AB181991), have also been used (Campoli et al 2009;Gil-Humanes et al 2009) but a validation of their stability across species is lacking. It has been shown that qPCR results may significantly differ depending on the reference gene used for data normalization (Dheda et al 2005).…”

“…For instance, the development of conserved orthologous sequences (COS) markers will help to identify candidate genes in one species from the knowledge obtained in other (Bolot et al 2009). Similarly, comparative transcriptomics are experiencing a growing interest for a wide range of studies including abiotic stress response (Campoli et al 2009), regulation of developmental processes (Gil-Humanes et al 2009) or differential regulation between polyploid species (He et al 2003;Poole et al 2007;Salentijn et al 2009). …”

“…Although comparative transcriptomics between grasses use reference genes for data normalization (Campoli et al 2009;Gil-Humanes et al 2009), these genes are selected on the basis of their good performance in a single species such as wheat. However, the reference genes should be stably expressed across species.…”

Isolation, Phylogeny and Expression Patterns of AP2-Like Genes in Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh)

“…Since the first complete genome sequence of a plant became available, the genomes of Arabidopsis, a dicotyledonous species, rice (a monocotyledonous species), poplar (a fruit tree) and grapevine (a woody forest tree) have been sequenced (Arabidopsis Genome Initiative 2000; Yu et al 2002;Tuskan et al 2006;Jaillon et al 2007). Plant genome analysis is an effective approach to the analysis of plant gene function (Zhuang et al 2009;Gil-Humanes et al 2009) and enables the study of gene and genome evolution. Here, 58 AP2-like TFs from apple were identified and compared with other plant species.…”