Comparative genomics of whole-cell pertussis vaccine strains from India

Alai, Shweta; Ghattargi, Vikas C.; Gautam, Manish; Patel, Krunal; Pawar, Sharad; Dhotre, Dhiraj; Shaligram, Umesh; Gairola, Sunil

doi:10.1186/s12864-020-6724-8

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…These studies illustrated that genome evolution in B. pertussis is mainly due to rearrangement in addition to genome reduction 2 . Genomic variations are mostly studied in the circulating strains of B. pertussis to know the pathogen adaptation to the vaccine antigens such as pertussis toxin ( ptx ), pertactin ( prn ), fimbriae ( fim ) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) 3 . Understanding the molecular epidemiology of this pathogen is essential which will be helpful for facilitating public heath surveillance in the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Clinical Bordetella Pertussis ST2 Strains in comparison with Vaccine Reference Strains of India

Sharma¹,

Anandan

Ragupathi

et al. 2021

J. Genomics

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Objectives: Pertussis is a highly contagious disease of the respiratory tract caused by Bordetella pertussis, a bacterium that lives in the mouth, nose, and throat. Current study reports the highly accurate complete genomes of two clinical B. pertussis strains from India for the first time. Methods: Complete genome sequencing was performed for two B. pertussis strains using Ion Torrent PGM and Oxford nanopore sequencing method. Data was assembled de novo and the sequence annotation was performed through PATRIC and NCBI server. Downstream analyses of the isolates were performed using CGE server databases for antimicrobial resistance genes, plasmids, and sequence types. The phylogenetic analysis was performed using Roary. Results: The analysis revealed insertional elements flanked by IS481, which has been previously regarded as the important component for bacterial evolution. The two B. pertussis clinical strains exhibited diversity through genome degradation when compared to whole-cell vaccine reference strains of India. These isolates harboured multiple genetic virulence traits and toxin subunits, which belonged to sequence type ST2. Conclusion:The genome information of Indian clinical B. pertussis strains will serve as a baseline data to decipher more information on the genome evolution, virulence factors and their role in pathogenesis for effective vaccine strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Clinical Bordetella Pertussis ST2 Strains in comparison with Vaccine Reference Strains of India

Sharma¹,

Anandan

Ragupathi

et al. 2021

J. Genomics

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“…Limited data are available from the predominantly developing countries that use wP vaccines to enable a robust comparison between the effects that aP and wP have on the selection of PRN. A sequencing study of the only 2 clinical isolates reported from India, which still uses wP, showed that the isolates still retained the broadly encountered PRN gene allele prn-1 ( 13 ). Considered together, these observations provide a strong correlation between the use of aP vaccines containing PRN and the appearance and increase to prominence of PRN-deficient strains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertactin-DeficientBordetella pertussis, Vaccine-Driven Evolution, and Reemergence of Pertussis

Ma¹,

Caulfield²,

Dewan³

et al. 2021

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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B ordetella pertussis, the causative agent of pertussis (whooping cough), continues to reemerge in countries that have high vaccine coverage, such as the United States, and has accelerated since the switch during the mid-1990s from whole-cell pertussis (wP) formulations comprising many partially characterized bacterial proteins to the less reactogenic 1-5 component acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines (1,2). These aP vaccines, including DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and aP for children) and Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and aP for adolescents and adults), protect against disease, but this protection wanes rapidly and does not prevent colonization or transmission of the pathogen (3-5). In this background of suboptimally performing aP vaccines, many countries have noted the emergence and expansion of strains specifi cally lacking pertactin (PRN), a membrane bound autotransporter, and 1 of up to 5 B. pertussis protein antigens included in the vaccines (6-11).

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“…We also compared clinical isolates with vaccine strains and seven 744 B. pertussis isolates. Our previous studies reported the genotype profile of vaccine strains used by a pertussis vaccine manufacturer from India, such as (J445:-ptxP1/ ptxA 2/prn1/fim2-1/ fim3 -1; J446:-ptxP2/ ptxA 4/prn7/fim2-2/ fim3 -1; J447 and J448:-ptxP1/ ptxA 1/prn1/fim2-1/ fim3 -1) [ 17 , 18 ]. Global positioning of strains reported from India was divided into two major groups, one PtxP1 and a second cluster with the PtxP3 group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serotype was determined by agglutination assay with monospecific antibodies for fim type 1 and type 2 ( Fim 2; NIBSC) and type 3 fimbriae ( Fim 3, NIBSC) antigens of B. pertussis , formerly called agglutinogens [ 18 , 19 , 29 ]. The bacterial suspension was prepared using 0.85% normal sterile saline solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously reported genetic characterization data of pertussis vaccine strains used by manufactures in the production of wP strains [ 17 ]. We also reported comparative genomics of two available B. pertussis clinical isolates BPD1 and BPD2 from India [ 18 ]. We report here five clinical isolates of Bordetella pertussis recently collected from India (S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5) with genotypic and phenotypic characterization, and comparative genomics with vaccine strains and global reported genomes of B. pertussis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Bordetella pertussis Strains Isolated from India

et al. 2022

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Despite high level vaccination and the availability of two different types of vaccines, whole cell (wP) and acellular vaccines (aP), the resurgence of pertussis has been reported in many countries. Antigenic variation within circulating and vaccine strains is the most documented reason reported for the resurgence of pertussis. Research on genetic divergence among circulating and vaccine strains has largely been reported in countries using aP vaccines. There are inadequate data available for antigenic variation in B. pertussis from wP-using countries. India has used wP for more than 40 years in their primary immunization program. The present study reports five clinical isolates of B. pertussis from samples of pediatric patients with pertussis symptoms observed in India. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of clinical isolates were performed by serotyping, genotyping, whole genome analyses and comparative genomics. All clinical isolates showed serotype 1, 2 and 3 based on the presence of fimbriae 2 and 3. Genotyping showed genetic similarities in allele types for five aP genes within vaccine strains and clinical isolates reported from India. The presence of the ptxP3 genotype was observed in two out of five clinical isolates. Whole-genome sequencing was performed for clinical isolates using the hybrid strategy of combining Illumina (short reads) and oxford nanopore (long reads) sequencing strategies. Clinical isolates (n = 5) and vaccine strains (n = 7) genomes of B. pertussis from India were compared with 744 B. pertussis closed genomes available in the public databases. The phylogenomic comparison of B. pertussis genomes reported from India will be advantageous in better understanding pertussis resurgence reported globally with respect to pathogen adaptation.

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Comparative genomics of whole-cell pertussis vaccine strains from India

Cited by 7 publications

References 84 publications

Genetic Diversity of Clinical Bordetella Pertussis ST2 Strains in comparison with Vaccine Reference Strains of India

Genetic Diversity of Clinical Bordetella Pertussis ST2 Strains in comparison with Vaccine Reference Strains of India

Pertactin-DeficientBordetella pertussis, Vaccine-Driven Evolution, and Reemergence of Pertussis

Characterization of Bordetella pertussis Strains Isolated from India

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