Comparative Gynoecium Structure and Development in Calycanthaceae (Laurales)

Staedler, Yannick M.; Weston, Peter H.; Endress, Peter K.

doi:10.1086/593045

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is probably a consequence of the median position of the ovule. The same trait was also observed in those families of Laurales with a median ovule, in contrast with Calycanthaceae, the only family of Laurales with lateral ovules (Staedler, Weston & Endress, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Floral development in Anemoneae (Ranunculaceae)

Ren

Chang

Endress

2009

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The floral development of two Clematis species and four Anemone species (including Pulsatilla) (Anemoneae, Ranunculaceae) is described. Shared features are: (1) sepals shortly after initiation broad, crescent-shaped, as opposed to the other organs, which are narrow and hemispherical; (2) outermost organs of the androecium often smaller than the others and sometimes sterile; (3) carpels ascidiate, with distinctive stalk, stigma papillate, decurrent; the carpels have one median fertile ovule and a few lateral sterile ovules in all species studied; the fertile ovule appears before the carpel closes. Generic differences are: (1) In Clematis, four sepals are initiated in two pairs; sometimes one of the sepals in the second pair appears to be divided into two organs (double position) resulting in a pentamerous perianth; the first eight stamens are positioned in two alternating whorls, the outer whorl alternating with the four sepals. In Anemone, the perianth organs, if five, are initiated in spiral sequence; in the Pulsatilla group of Anemone, six sepals are initiated in two whorls; the first three organs of the androecium (staminodes) alternate with the inner sepals. (2) Further androecial organs are mostly in complex whorls (i.e. including double positions) in Clematis, but in an irregular spiral or in irregular complex whorls in Anemone.(3) Anther maturation is largely centripetal in Clematis, but centrifugal or bidirectional in Anemone. In Clematis macropetala, the outermost organs of the androecium lack anthers and the filaments expand and become petal-like. In contrast, in the Pulsatilla group of Anemone, these organs retain sterile anthers and become small, capitate organs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Floral development in Anemoneae (Ranunculaceae)

Ren

Chang

Endress

2009

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of rudimentary carpels or stamens during male and female flower development is frequent in flowers of dioecious (Mitchell and Daly, 1993; Hormaza and Polito, 1996; Wang et al, 2006) and monoecious species (Weatherwax, 1916; Endress and Lorence, 2004); this presence of rudimentary organs has also been observed in several mutants with “intermediate” organs along the margins of each organ (Kunst et al, 1989; Modrusan et al, 1994). The presence of transitional forms between stamens and carpels have been reported in other families in the Eumagnoliid clade that have flowers with a high number of stamens and carpels such as the Atherospermataceae, Monimiaceae, and Calycanthaceae in the Laurales (Crepet et al, 2005; Staedler and Endress, 2009; Staedler et al, 2009) but, as far as we know, this report is the first for Annonaceae and the first observation on the compartmentalized function of these transitional forms. It is interesting that this anomaly in the cherimoya stigmas only occurs in the margin separating female and male structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Stigmatic receptivity in a dichogamous early‐divergent angiosperm species, Annona cherimola (Annonaceae): Influence of temperature and humidity

Lora

Herrero

Hormaza

2011

American J of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It appears that this pattern mainly occurs in carpels with a single median ovule or with an u‐shaped placenta (placenta following the inner borders of the ventral slit and connecting both borders at the lower end of the slit; see Leinfellner, ). Staedler, Weston & Endress () mention that in Laurales a basal delay of closure appears to occur in the core families, which have a single median ovule, but not in Calycanthaceae, which have two lateral ovules. Other examples figured in the literature are Knema tomentella Warb.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other patterns of non‐synchronous closure of the ventral slit along its length also occur (Figs 21–25). In some plants the longitudinal slit appears to close first in the lower part, such as in Idiospermum australiense (Calycanthaceae) (Staedler et al ., , fig. 16; this study, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, at first the individual carpels commonly become closed, and only when the carpels have reached angiospermy is there intercarpellary fusion, in addition. This has been known for a long time in cases where intercarpellary fusion is only in the apical region, such as in several Sapindales, Malvales and Gentianales (Baum, ; Walker, , ; Endress, Jenny & Fallen, ; Jenny, ; Endress, Lorence & Endress, ; Bachelier & Endress, , ; Staedler et al ., ; El Ottra, Pirani & Endress, ). However, it seems to occur more commonly, especially also in more cryptic cases, in which the entire length of the apocarpous zone is involved in the intercarpellary fusion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Patterns of angiospermy development before carpel sealing across living angiosperms: diversity, and morphological and systematic aspects

Endress

2015

Bot J Linn Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Almost all angiosperms are angiospermous, i.e. the ovules are enclosed in carpels at anthesis and during seed development, but angiospermy develops in different ways across angiosperms. The most common means of carpel closure is by a longitudinal ventral slit in carpels that are partly or completely free. In such carpels, the closure process commonly begins at midlength of the prospective longitudinal slit and then proceeds downward and upward. Closure by a transverse slit is rarer, but it is prominent in groups of the ANITA grade and in a few early branching monocots (some Alismatales) and some early branching eudicots (a few Ranunculaceae and Nelumbonaceae), in these eudicots combined with a more or less developed longitudinal slit. In all these cases the carpels have a single ovule in ventral median position. In ANITA lines with pluriovulate carpels, there is only a short longitudinal slit in the uniformly ascidiate carpels. In carpels with a unifacial style the closure area is narrow; this pattern is rare and scattered mainly in some wind-pollinated monocots and eudicots. In most angiosperms the carpels become closed before the ovules are visible from the outside of the still incompletely closed carpels (early carpel closure). This is notably the case in the ANITA grade and magnoliids. Delayed carpel closure, with the ovules visible before the carpels are closed, is much rarer and is concentrated in a few monocots (mainly some Alismatales and some Poales) and a few eudicots (mainly a few Ranunculales and many Caryophyllales, and scattered in some other eudicots). A kind of delayed carpel closure (with the placenta visible before closure but mostly not the ovules) also occurs in syncarpous gynoecia with a free central placenta. Most gynoecia with a free central placenta occur in the superasterids. In such gynoecia the individual carpel tips are not differentiated but the opening in young gynoecia has the shape of a circular diaphragm. In this case, when ovary septa and free carpel tips are missing, the number of carpels is sometimes unclear (Primulaceae, Lentibulariaceae, some Santalaceae). Extremely ascidiate carpels are concentrated in the ANITA grade, a few magnoliids and some early branching monocots. Aspects of potential advantages of plicate vs. ascidiate carpels with regard to flexibility of pollen tube transmitting tract differentiation are discussed.

show abstract

Comparative Gynoecium Structure and Development in Calycanthaceae (Laurales)

Cited by 28 publications

References 58 publications

Floral development in Anemoneae (Ranunculaceae)

Floral development in Anemoneae (Ranunculaceae)

Stigmatic receptivity in a dichogamous early‐divergent angiosperm species, Annona cherimola (Annonaceae): Influence of temperature and humidity

Patterns of angiospermy development before carpel sealing across living angiosperms: diversity, and morphological and systematic aspects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About