Comparative imaging of the vesicular glands in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Dimitrov, R.; Stamatova, K.; Kostov, D.

doi:10.3906/vet-1103-33

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our study revealed that the reproductive tract could be fully characterized by US using the linear probe regardless of the size, body weight, or body condition score of the doe. These results also support previous studies showing the feasibility and capability of ultrasound assessment of the reproductive system in multiple species 11–13,16,17 as well as in male rabbits 14,15 . When a microconvex probe was used, only part of the reproductive tract of the doe could be seen and their precise structure or wall layering was not consistently identified.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These results also support previous studies showing the feasibility and capability of ultrasound assessment of the reproductive system in multiple species [11][12][13]16,17 as well as in male rabbits. 14,15 When a microconvex probe was used, only part of the reproductive tract of the doe could be seen and their precise structure or wall layering was not consistently identified. The inability or the difficulty of identifying certain genital structures was mainly related to their small size, the low weight of the patient, or the presence of significant digestive content near the structures of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anatomy and physiology of the female rabbit reproductive system are described and is composed of paired ovaries, oviducts, uterine horns, and two contiguous uterine cervixes. 9 Only a brief ultrasonographic description of the genitalia of healthy female rabbits is available in the literature 10 and their precise ultrasonographic features as previously reported in other species [11][12][13] or male rabbits 14,15 are currently lacking.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonographic appearance and histopathological findings of the genital tract in healthy nulliparous female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Lazard,

Muller,

Manon

et al. 2023

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Female rabbits often exhibit reproductive tract disorders and accurate sonographic descriptions of the normal genital tract are lacking. The aims of our prospective, analytical, and reference interval study were to describe the ultrasonographic appearance of the genital tract of healthy female rabbits, provide reference values, and compare ultrasonographic findings with histopathological samples. Twenty‐eight intact female rabbits presented for elective ovariohysterectomy were included. Ovaries, oviducts, uterine horns, cervixes, and vagina were imaged by ultrasound to assess their size, shape, location, margination, echogenicity, and echotexture. The genital tract of 12 rabbits was sent for histopathology. Genitals were visible in all rabbits using the linear probe. The ovaries were oval‐shaped and hypoechoic with a variable pattern. The oviducts, uterine horns, and vagina appeared as tubular structures with a consistent distinct layering, and the cervix as two contiguous hypoechoic tubular structures with a variable layering. Incidental findings, including paraovarian cysts, mineralization foci, and luminal fluid were observed. The median values of the height of the left and right ovaries, oviducts, uterine horns, cervixes, and vagina were, respectively, equal to 3.52 3.37, 1.39, 1.39, 4.34, 4.36, 5.57, 5.15, and 2.40 mm. Significant correlations were observed among age, body condition score, and some of the measurements. Abnormalities of the reproductive tract were reported in 4 of 28 rabbits. This study supports the use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of the reproductive tract of healthy female rabbits and provides reference values for use in rabbits with genital disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonographic appearance and histopathological findings of the genital tract in healthy nulliparous female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Lazard,

Muller,

Manon

et al. 2023

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…It was observed that New Zealand rabbits did not open directly into the urethra as in the pig. In the present study, the vesicular gland was determined to be at L7 level, while Dimitrov et al (2013) noted that it is at the S1 level. It is approximately 20 mm long and 10 mm wide (Kürtül et al, 2001).…”

Section: Ta B L E 9 Parameters Of Penismentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The cranial of dorsal aspect's is in contact with the colon and rectum. The caudal part of the vesicular gland reaches up to the prostate (Dimitrov et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of male genital system anatomy in the New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)

Bozbiyik

Doğan

2022

Anat Histol Embryol

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Rabbits are frequently used in research because of their human-like biological structure. In the present study, 10 male rabbits were preferred. Arterial vascularization of the genital system organs were dissected. Morphometric and macroanatomical results of these organs were taken, and some organs were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, right testis length was measured at 67.24 ± 5.36 mm and left testis length was 62.25 ± 6.55 mm in New Zealand rabbits.Testicular weight was 10.21 ± 1.17 g on the right and 9.90 ± 1.15 g on the left. Right caput epididymidis 0.68 ± 0.08 g, left caput epididymidis 0.80 ± 0.13 g; right corpus epididymidis 0.14 ± 0.03 left corpus epididymidis 0.15 ± 0.03 g; right cauda epididymidis 1.87 ± 0.26 g left cauda epididymidis 1.90 ± 0.31 g. In the present study, right ductus deferens weight was 0.30 ± 0.29 g, and left ductus deferens weight was 0.25 ± 0.03 g; the ampulla ductus deferentis weight was 0.35 ± 0.16 g on the right side and 0.37 ± 0.16 g on the left side. The length of the vesicular gland glandula vesicularis was calculated as 18.54 ± 0.35 mm on the right and 17.55 ± 0.59 mm on the left. The width of the vesicular gland was measured as 16.54 ± 0.28 mm on the right and 16.70 ± 0.45 mm on the left. Vesicular gland weight was 0.91 ± 0.07 g on the right side and 0.96 ± 0.09 g on the left side. The prostate length was recorded as 11.68 ± 2.01 mm and width as 13.02 ± 1.38 mm. The length of the bulbourethral gland was 13.36 ± 2.00 mm on the right side and 12.39 ± 1.21 mm on the left. Its width was recorded as 6.73 ± 0.98 mm on the right and 5.80 ± 0.90 mm on the left. Respectively, it weighed 0.40 ± 0.20 g on the right and 0.44 ± 0.24 g on the left. The prostate consisted of three parts in rabbits: the proprostate, the corpus prostate and the paraprostate. The bulbourethral gland was a green lentil-sized gland found in pairs. It is thought that the obtained results will contribute to the scientific researches on male genital system in laboratory animals and other animal species, artificial insemination studies, reproductive system diseases and operations in rabbits.

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Comparative imaging of the vesicular glands in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Ultrasonographic appearance and histopathological findings of the genital tract in healthy nulliparous female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Ultrasonographic appearance and histopathological findings of the genital tract in healthy nulliparous female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Investigation of male genital system anatomy in the New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)

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