2016
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.08.007
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Comparative isotope ecology of African great apes

Abstract: The isotope ecology of great apes is a useful reference for palaeodietary reconstructions in fossil hominins. As extant apes live in C3-dominated habitats, variation in isotope signatures is assumed to be low compared to hominoids exploiting C4-plant resources. However, isotopic differences between sites and between and within individuals were poorly understood due to the lack of vegetation baseline data. In this comparative study we included all species of free-ranging African great apes (Pan troglodytes, Pan… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(63 citation statements)
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“…Our δ 13 C data suggest that Issa chimpanzees do not feed solely on plant foods (mainly ripe fruits and smaller quantities of leaves) derived from dense gallery forest patches, but rely on 13 C enriched plants in the open areas of the woodland savannah, which is concurrent with observational and faecal analysis at Issa 4,10 . This is in line with isotopic evidence reported from chimpanzees and their plant foods at the savannah site of Kayan in Senegal 22 and with what can be assumed from work at other savannah sites like Fongoli, although respective δ 13 C plant data are not yet available 23 . Secondly, δ 13 C values from hair samples differed between sites, but this variance does not resemble the vast differences reported between C 4 (savannah) and C 3 (forest) dependent fossil hominin species in East Africa 11,48 , primarily because no known population of chimpanzees has been found to habitually consume C 4 plant foods 23 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
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“…Our δ 13 C data suggest that Issa chimpanzees do not feed solely on plant foods (mainly ripe fruits and smaller quantities of leaves) derived from dense gallery forest patches, but rely on 13 C enriched plants in the open areas of the woodland savannah, which is concurrent with observational and faecal analysis at Issa 4,10 . This is in line with isotopic evidence reported from chimpanzees and their plant foods at the savannah site of Kayan in Senegal 22 and with what can be assumed from work at other savannah sites like Fongoli, although respective δ 13 C plant data are not yet available 23 . Secondly, δ 13 C values from hair samples differed between sites, but this variance does not resemble the vast differences reported between C 4 (savannah) and C 3 (forest) dependent fossil hominin species in East Africa 11,48 , primarily because no known population of chimpanzees has been found to habitually consume C 4 plant foods 23 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…Low δ 15 N values in the Issa chimpanzees are best explained by generally depleted plant baseline values in this woodland mosaic habitat, and not necessarily by the chimpanzees’ heavy consumption of nodulating (soil nitrogen fixating) plants. Moreover, an overall depleted δ 15 N signature seems to be more common in savannah chimpanzee sites than previously assumed, as this low δ 15 N pattern has also been observed at several other savannah chimpanzee sites across Africa, including Kayan in Senegal 22 , as well as in several unpublished datasets from West Africa (Oelze personal communication).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 66%
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“…Because tissues used for stable isotope analyses (e.g., hair, teeth, and bone) reliably record the nature of isotopic intake, isotope ecology has recently gained popularity in primatological research (Crowley, Rasoazanabary, & Godfrey, ; Oelze et al, ; Sandberg, Loudon, & Sponheimer, ; Schoeninger, ; Schoeninger, Iwaniec, & Nash, ). Furthermore, a particular advantage of using δ 13 C and δ 15 N as dietary indicators is the possibility to incorporate otherwise unobtainable data on groups unhabituated to researcher presence in the face of rapid species decline (e.g., Kühl et al, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pan species are frequently used as referential models for hominin ecology and dietary reconstruction; therefore these species have likewise represented a particular focus within primate isotopic research (e.g., Carter, ; Fahy, Boesch, Hublin, & Richards, ; Fahy, Richards, Riedel, Hublin, & Boesch, ; Macho, ; Macho & Lee‐Thorp, ; Oelze et al, ; Oelze, Head, Robbins, Richards, & Boesch, ; Schoeninger, Moore, & Sept, ; Schoeninger, Most, Moore, & Somerville, ; Smith, Morgan, & Pilbeam, ; Sponheimer et al, ; van Casteren et al, ). As a result, Pan isotope ecology has developed into a growing discipline in which both broad‐ and fine‐scale dietary variation within and between individuals have been detected noninvasively.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%