Comparative Laboratory and Clinical Observations on Two New Oral Penicillins, Oxacillin and Ancillin

Abu-Nassar, Hanna; Williams, Temple W.; Yow, Ellard M.

doi:10.1097/00000441-196304000-00010

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences

1963

DOI: 10.1097/00000441-196304000-00010

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Comparative Laboratory and Clinical Observations on Two New Oral Penicillins, Oxacillin and Ancillin

Hanna Abu-Nassar¹,

Temple W. Williams²,

Ellard M. Yow³

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1964

1971

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Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In vitro, diphenicillin is somewhat less active than oxacillin against penicillinase-producing staphylococci, and it is bound by serum proteins to approximately the same extent as oxacillin (Abu-Nassar, Williams and Yow, 1963). Serum concentrations are distinctly inferior with diphenicillin as compared with oxacillin, especially with multiple doses where food exerts an influence even when the drugs are taken two hours after meals (Kirby et al, 1962).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Generalized Staphylococcal Infections

Kirby

1964

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Generalized Staphylococcal Infections

Kirby

1964

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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The Treatment of Infants With Oxacillin Sodium

Walker¹

1967

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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OXACILLIN SODIUM has been demonstrated to effectively inhibit penicillin-sensitive and resistant staphylococci in vitro at concentrations readily obtainable in vivo1 and together with other similar penicillinase-resistant penicillins, is considered a drug of choice in staphylococcal infection.2 As young infants are particularly susceptible to staphylococcal infection, information concerning the effectiveness of oxacillin sodium in treating such infections and the pharmacology of oxacillin sodium in such patients is needed. The study reported herein provides information regarding the serum concentrations of oxacillin sodium achieved with varying dosage schedules in young infants, the effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of severe staphylococcal infection in this age group, and the toxicity of the drug in newborns and in older infants. Material and MethodsAll patients less than 2 years of age admitted to the service wards or nurseries of the Department of Pediatrics, Mercy Hospital during the period July 1, 1963, to June 30, 1965, who were known or suspected to have staphylococcal infection were entered into the study. An addi¬ tional group of newborn infants who were considered to have an increased risk of staphy¬ lococcal infection (infants with respiratory dis¬ tress syndrome, premature rupture of fetal membranes, and exchange transfusion) were entered into the study and treated. All studied infants were treated with oxacillin sodium in two dosage schedules 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of body weight per day by intramuscu¬ lar injection. The majority of the patients in-(Dr. Walker). eluding all of the newborns were treated at sixhour intervals, but 22 of the older infants were treated at four-hour intervals for at least a por¬ tion of their therapeutic course. The newborn infants and a group of older infants with in¬ fections of unknown etiology received colistimethate sulfonate 5 to 10 mg/kg/day in¬ tramuscularly, in addition to oxacillin sodium. Oxacillin sodium was administered by intra¬ muscular injection until complete resolution of signs and symptoms of disease had disap¬ peared. The minimum course of therapy was four days. Frequently, however, in older chil¬ dren the medication was continued orally in the same dosage for varying periods thereafter. Treatment of proven staphylococcal infection was continued for 7 to 36 days depending upon the site and severity of the evident disease, A complete blood count, urinalysis, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) de¬ termination, platelet count, and blood urea ni¬ trogen (BUN) determination were performed in all patients at the time of institution of ther¬ apy, at weekly or lesser intervals thereafter, and at the termination of therapy. Demonstra¬ tion of the presence of staphylococcal infection was attempted in each patient by culture of the blood, the nasopharyngeal secretions, and the available exúdate at the site of focal infection. Pulmonary infections were evaluated by percu¬ taneous lung aspiration. Only those patients from whom Staphylococcus au...

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β-Lactam Antibiotics: Their Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities in Relation to Structure

Hou¹,

Poole²

1971

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

179

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Comparative Laboratory and Clinical Observations on Two New Oral Penicillins, Oxacillin and Ancillin

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Treatment of Generalized Staphylococcal Infections

Treatment of Generalized Staphylococcal Infections

The Treatment of Infants With Oxacillin Sodium

β-Lactam Antibiotics: Their Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities in Relation to Structure

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