Comparative LCA of Three Alternative Technologies for Lipid Extraction in Biodiesel from Microalgae Production

Collotta, Massimo; Busi, Leonardo; Champagne, Pascale; Romagnoli, Francesco; Tomasoni, Giuseppe; Mabee, Warren; Alberti, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.04.061

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Several studies have evaluated the potential environmental impact of algae cultivation [10,[13][14][15] for biofuel production [14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] or added value compounds production [10,23,24]. However, all of these are based on lab-scale/small pilot primary data, or data from literature and linear extrapolation based on lab-scale experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative life cycle assessment of astaxanthin production with Haematococcus pluvialis in different photobioreactor technologies

Onorato

Rösch

2020

Algal Research

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Haematococcus pluvialis is one of the most abundant sources of natural astaxanthin when compared with other microorganisms, and has attracted the interest of the market thanks to its health benefits. We investigated the environmental performance of the cultivation of H. pluvialis and the astaxanthin production processes through a comprehensive Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). This study compares the potential environmental impact of three photobioreactors (PBR) available on the market: the flat panel airlift , the green wall panel , and the unilayer horizontal tubular PBR . These systems have different technical settings: the flat panel airlift has a double-sided light emitting diode (LED) illumination system and is placed inside a building; the green wall panel is located outside and equipped with one-side LED lighting; the unilayer horizontal tubular is placed outside without any artificial lighting. Two different functional units were considered: one kg of H. pluvialis (80% dw) and 1 kg of astaxanthin. Where 1 kg of astaxanthin was selected as functional unit, as the content of astaxanthin in the biomass is low, the system expansion method was applied.The LCA results, based on original data from pilot-scale production, indicate that the system design, and the energy mix used have a significant environmental impact, due to differences in algae productivities and energy demand. For indoor systems, even with light-emitting diodes (LED), the energy demand for lighting is the main contributor to climate change. This contribution decreases significantly if the share of renewable energy increases. In the case of the green wall panel another main climate change contributor is the material used for the diode production, including tin and molybdenum. Although the astaxanthin yield is higher in the flat panel airlift and green wall panel, electricity production systems still const tute an environmental burden. For this reason, the system with the lowest environmental impact is the unilayer horizontal tubular, i.e. the photobioreactor where no artificial light is used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative life cycle assessment of astaxanthin production with Haematococcus pluvialis in different photobioreactor technologies

Onorato

Rösch

2020

Algal Research

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“…63 Moreover, another LCA conducted by Collotta et al compared the extraction of a dry microalgae using a conventional solvent-based extraction system (chloroform:methanol), a nonexpanded methanol in a flow-through reactor and CO 2 -expanded methanol (CXM) in a flow-through reactor. 67 The CXM demonstrated the lowest environmental impact in all categories environmental impact associated with organic solvents. 48 'A supercritical fluid (SCF) is a compound, mixture or element above its critical temperature and pressure, but below the pressure required to condense it into a solid'.…”

Section: Conventional Organic Solvent Extractionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Moreover, another LCA conducted by Collotta et al . compared the extraction of a dry microalgae using a conventional solvent‐based extraction system (chloroform:methanol), a nonexpanded methanol in a flow‐through reactor and CO 2 ‐expanded methanol (CXM) in a flow‐through reactor . The CXM demonstrated the lowest environmental impact in all categories tested, including climate change human health, human toxicity, particulate matter formation, and freshwater eutrophication.…”

Section: Lipid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in microalgal lipid extraction for biofuel production: a review

Harris

Viner

Champagne

et al. 2018

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Algal biomass is an attractive feedstock for sustainable biofuel production because of its high growth rate and the fact that it does not compete with food crops. This review examines progress made in the processing and extraction of microalgal lipids as feedstocks for algae‐derived biofuels. The discussion focuses on lipid extraction processes but also mentions drying, cell disruption, and transesterification processes because of their potential effect on the extraction process, and because of the possibility of performing them simultaneously with extraction. Some of the common themes discussed include the benefits of utilizing wet microalgal biomass, combining process steps (process intensification), and the importance of considering the entire life cycle when assessing the ‘greenness’ of a technology. Lipid extraction technologies will need to be improved for microalgal biofuels to compete effectively with fossil fuels, particularly through the development of energy‐efficient extraction methods and the adaptation of these methods for large‐scale production. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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“…LCA is a standardized and widespread methodology to study environmental consequences associated with food 42 . The LCA procedure is outlined by ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 43 . A comprehensive LCA comprises four coherent and iterative phases (1) goal and scope definition, (2) life cycle inventory, (3) impact assessment, and (4) interpretation of the results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle assessment and energy comparison of aseptic ohmic heating and appertization of chopped tomatoes with juice

Ghnimi

Nikkhah

Dewulf

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The energy balance and life cycle assessment (LCA) of ohmic heating and appertization systems for processing of chopped tomatoes with juice (CTwJ) were evaluated. The data included in the study, such as processing conditions, energy consumption, and water use, were experimentally collected. The functional unit was considered to be 1 kg of packaged CTwJ. Six LCA impact assessment methodologies were evaluated for uncertainty analysis of selection of the impact assessment methodology. The energy requirement evaluation showed the highest energy consumption for appertization (156 kWh/t of product). The energy saving of the ohmic heating line compared to the appertization line is 102 kWh/t of the product (or 65% energy saving). The energy efficiencies of the appertization and ohmic heating lines are 25% and 77%, respectively. Regarding the environmental impact, CTwJ processing and packaging by appertization were higher than those of ohmic heating systems. In other words, CTwJ production by the ohmic heating system was more environmentally efficient. The tin production phase was the environmental hotspot in packaged CTwJ production by the appertization system; however, the agricultural phase of production was the hotspot in ohmic heating processing. The uncertainty analysis results indicated that the global warming potential for appertization of 1 kg of packaged CTwJ ranges from 4.13 to 4.44 kg CO2eq. In addition, the global warming potential of the ohmic heating system ranges from 2.50 to 2.54 kg CO2eq. This study highlights that ohmic heating presents a great alternative to conventional sterilization methods due to its low environmental impact and high energy efficiency.

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Comparative LCA of Three Alternative Technologies for Lipid Extraction in Biodiesel from Microalgae Production

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Comparative life cycle assessment of astaxanthin production with Haematococcus pluvialis in different photobioreactor technologies

Comparative life cycle assessment of astaxanthin production with Haematococcus pluvialis in different photobioreactor technologies

Advances in microalgal lipid extraction for biofuel production: a review

Life cycle assessment and energy comparison of aseptic ohmic heating and appertization of chopped tomatoes with juice

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