Comparative leaf blade anatomy and micromorphology in the systematics and phylogeny of Bambusoideae (Poaceae: Poales)

Abstract

Leaf blade anatomical and micromorphological data have increasingly proved to be useful in the systematics and phylogeny of Bambusoideae. The presence of well-developed, asymmetrically strongly infolded mesophyll cells (arm cells) as seen in cross-section is regarded a synapomorphy for bamboos, whereas many well-known, widely used features for diagnosing groups remain to be formally tested in a comprehensive phylogenetic framework. In this review, we investigate the use of anatomical and micromorphological features in defining and delimiting minor and major groups in Bambusoideae. A general description of the leaf blade as seen in cross-section and surface view is provided for the subfamily, as well as features commonly found in the three currently recognized tribes (Arundinarieae, Bambuseae and Olyreae) and their subtribes. Some features, including midrib vasculature, fusoid cells and stomatal apparatus, are discussed in the light of systematic and phylogenetic perspectives, along with a clarification of terminology. Illustrations of relevant features are also provided. This review allowed us to elucidate anatomical and micromorphological features useful in defining and delimiting lineages but also to highlight some research priorities in Bambusoideae.

Notes on leaf micromorphology of the rare herbaceous bamboo Buergersiochloa bambusoides Pilg. (Olyreae, Poaceae) from New Guinea and its taxonomic implications

“…The leaf blade epidermis of B. bambusoides is consistent with other members of Olyreae and indeed the whole subfamily, considering both long and short cells, in addition to the rows of bulliform cells in the adaxial intercostal zones (Vieira et al 2002;Oliveira et al 2008a, b;Jesus Junior et al 2012;Leandro et al 2016Leandro et al , 2020Lima et al 2020). The short cells observed include silica or cork ones, paired with each other or the lat- ter paired with the basal cells of trichomes, as is common to Poaceae (Calderón and Soderstrom 1973;Soderstrom and Ellis 1988;Vieira et al 2002;Lima et al 2020).…”

“…The stomatal complexes with dome-shaped subsidiary cells of B. bambusoides are very common in Bambusoideae ( Metcalfe 1960 ; Ellis 1979 ; Zuloaga et al 1993 ; Oliveira et al 2008a , b ; Jesus et al 2012; Ferreira et al 2013 ; Leandro et al 2016 , 2020 ; Lima et al 2020 ), occurring in well-defined rows in the intercostal zones on either side of a costal zone. Although papillae on the subsidiary cells have been documented for some Olyreae , mainly members of subtribe Olyrinae ( Lima et al 2020 ), and are also characteristic of Chusqueinae ( Clark 1986 ; Soderstrom and Ellis 1987 ; Fisher et al 2009 , 2014 ), these are here indicated as absent in Buergersiochloa .…”

“…The saddle-shaped silica bodies of B. bambusoides have been recognized as characteristic of many woody bamboos of the Arundinarieae and Bambuseae tribes (Renvoize 1987;Yang et al 2008;Zhang et al 2014;Leandro et al 2020), but within the Olyreae are exclusive to Buergersiochloinae, as noted here and confirming previous studies (Renvoize 1985;Lima et al 2020). For this reason, the presence of saddle-shaped silica bodies is here considered as an important taxonomic character for this subtribe since it does not have crenate silica bodies (olyroid-type) in the intercostal zone, which have been considered synapomorphies of the Olyreae (BPG 2012).…”

“…Papillae and trichomes can also inform general bamboo systematics (Calderón and Soderstrom 1967;Soderstrom and Ellis 1987;Leandro et al 2020) and other microcharacters have been used in taxonomic studies within Olyreae (Metcalfe 1960;Soderstrom 1967, 1973;Renvoize 1985;Jesus et al 2012;Ferreira et al 2013;Leandro et al 2016;Lima et al 2020), which remain undescribed for this species.…”

Caracterización morfoanatómica de las hojas de follaje de especies de Bambusa (Poaceae – Bambusoideae - Bambuseae)

“…Sin embargo, los estudios anatómicos y morfológicos de las hojas de follaje (de las ramificaciones) de las diferentes especies de bambúes son menos frecuentes. Existen trabajos que mencionan los caracteres de la superficie foliar, como la presencia de tricomas, papilas, células silíceas y células fusoides, que contribuyen a la diferenciación de las entidades (Ghosh & Negi, 1959;Tateoka, et al 1959;Metcalfe, 1960;Grosser & Liese, 1971;Guerreiro et al, 2016;Leandro et al, 2016Leandro et al, , 2017Leandro et al, , 2018Leandro et al, , 2020Alegría Olivera et al, 2017). Varios autores informan que las características anatómicas y micromorfológicas de las hojas de follaje son útiles para la definición y delimitación de taxones en la subfamilia Bambudoideae, sus tribus y subtribus (Márquez et al, 2011;Leandro et al, 2016Leandro et al, , 2017Leandro et al, , 2020Alegría Olivera et al, 2017).…”