Comparative levels of psychological distress, stress symptoms, depression and anxiety after childbirth—a prospective population‐based study of mothers and fathers

Skari, Hans; Skreden, Marianne; Malt, Ulrik Fredrik; Dalholt, Merethe; Østensen, Anniken B.; Egeland, Thore; Emblem, Ragnhild

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.00468.x

Cited by 90 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…With regard to the remaining 19 articles relevant for this study, three groups could be distinguished: 1) five case studies (Ballard et al, 1995;Bydlowski & Raoul-Duval, 1978;Church & Scanlan, 2002;Fones, 1996;Moleman et al, 1992); 2) 10 quantitative studies (Allen, 1998;Ayers & Pickering, 2001;Creedy et al, 2000;Czarnocka & Slade, 2000;Keogh, Ayers, & Francis, 2002;Lyons, 1998;Skari et al, 2002;Soderquist, Wijma, & Wijma, 2002;Soet, Brack, & DiIorio, 2003;Wijma et al, 1997); and 3) four studies on emergency cesarean section (Ryding, Wijma, & Wijma, 1997;Ryding, Wijma, & Wijma, 1998a;Ryding, Wijma, & Wijma, 1998b;Ryding, Wijma, & Wijma, 2000). One study used both qualitative and quantitative analyses (for the current article we used the qualitative results, as the quantitative results did not indicate clear data about prevalence or risk factors).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress following childbirth: A review

Olde

Hart

Kleber

et al. 2006

Clinical Psychology Review

361

251

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To assess the empirical basis of prevalence and risk factors of childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms and PTSD in mothers, the relevant literature was critically reviewed. A MEDLINE and PSYCHLIT search using the key words bposttraumatic stressQ, bPTSDQ, bchildbirthQ and btraumatic deliveryQ was performed. The generated list of articles was supplemented by a review of their bibliographies. A total of 31 articles was selected. The primary inclusion criterion was report of posttraumatic stress symptoms or PTSD specifically related to childbirth. Case studies and quantitative studies on regular childbirth and childbirth by emergency cesarean section were identified. Consistency among studies was found with regard to development of posttraumatic stress symptoms as a consequence of traumatic delivery. Methodological issues concerning prevalence and risk factors were discussed. Case studies and quantitative studies confirm that childbirth may be experienced as so emotionally intense that it can lead to the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms or even a PTSD-profile. Among the identified risk factors were a history of psychological problems, trait anxiety, obstetric procedures, negative aspects in staff-mother contact, feelings of loss of control over the situation, and lack of partner support. The conclusion of the current review is twofold. First, traumatic reactions to childbirth are an important public health issue. Secondly, studying childbirth offers opportunity to prospectively study the development of posttraumatic stress reactions. D

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress following childbirth: A review

Olde

Hart

Kleber

et al. 2006

Clinical Psychology Review

361

251

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies on the assessment of maternal anxiety in the pre-and postnatal period (27) . sense of self-efficacy (27) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal anxiety in the pre- and postnatal period: a literature review

Correia

Linhares

2007

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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“…However, this level of variance compares well with other studies which have looked at predictors of PTS symptoms, anxiety or psychological distress during the same period after the birth. The regression models in these similar studies have tended to account for 14% to 29% of the variance in the outcome (Czarnocka & Slade, 2000;Edworthy et al, 2008;Skari et al, 2002;Wenzel, Haugen, Jackson, & Brendle, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%