Comparative life cycle assessment of magnesium binders as an alternative for hemp concrete

Šinka, Māris; Heede, Philip Van den; Belie, Nele De; Bajāre, Diāna; Šahmenko, Genādijs; Korjakins, Aleksandrs

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.02.024

Cited by 101 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The resulting lightweight EPP-MOC cement composite with improved thermal insulation function and suitable mechanical properties can be used to produce thermal insulation floors, ceilings, or wall panels reducing the operational energy demand of buildings. volume of CO 2 emissions can be attributed to building industry, whether related to construction materials production or energy needed for heating and cooling of insufficiently insulated buildings [1,2]. For example production of Portland cement (PC) contributes to circa 5-7% of the global CO 2 emissions [3,4].At present, there are efforts to find an alternative to PC that would have a low carbon footprint.…”

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Influence of Waste Plastic Aggregate and Water-Repellent Additive on the Properties of Lightweight Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Composite

et al. 2019

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Featured Application: The results obtained in the paper can find use in the design and development of low-energy and low-carbon construction composites with the incorporation of waste expanded polypropylene. The developed "green materials" possess good thermal insulation function, minimum water absorption, sufficient permeability for water vapor, and resistance against the harmful water action. The mechanical strength of the lightened composites is acceptable for non-bearing purposes but if required, it can be further improved to meet the technical requirements of construction practice. Abstract:The aim of the present study is to improve the thermal and hygric performance of magnesium oxychloride (MOC) cement composites by the incorporation of waste plastic-based aggregate and the use of the inner and surface hydrophobic agents. The crushed waste expanded polypropylene particles were used as a full replacement of natural silica sand. The aggregate properties were evaluated in terms of their physical and thermal parameters. The caustic calcined magnesite was studied by SEM, XRF, and XRD spectroscopy. The MOC cement composites were characterized by SEM/EDS, XRD, and FT-IR spectroscopy and measurement of their structural properties, strength parameters, thermal conductivity, and volumetric heat capacity. Assessment of water-and water vapor transport properties was also conducted. The results show significantly improved thermal parameters of MOC cement composite containing expanded polypropylene (EPP) as aggregate and indicate high efficiency of surface hydrophobic agent (impregnation) as a barrier against the transport of liquid and gaseous moisture. The resulting lightweight EPP-MOC cement composite with improved thermal insulation function and suitable mechanical properties can be used to produce thermal insulation floors, ceilings, or wall panels reducing the operational energy demand of buildings. volume of CO 2 emissions can be attributed to building industry, whether related to construction materials production or energy needed for heating and cooling of insufficiently insulated buildings [1,2]. For example production of Portland cement (PC) contributes to circa 5-7% of the global CO 2 emissions [3,4].At present, there are efforts to find an alternative to PC that would have a low carbon footprint. One of the candidates may be cements based on the magnesium oxide (MgO). Magnesium oxychloride cement (also known as Sorel cement) is formed by the reaction of a light-burnt MgO powder with a solution of magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) [5], where the light-burnt (also called caustic c) MgO is produced by calcination of magnesite (MgCO 3 ) at a temperature of circa 750 • C [6]. This lower temperature, compared to~1450 • C used in the production of Portland clinker, allows the use of alternative fuels [3]. MOC cement-based composites are able to absorb high amount of CO 2 from the atmosphere during their service life to form carbonates and hydroxycarbonates, which leads to their denser microstructure and to higher streng...

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Influence of Waste Plastic Aggregate and Water-Repellent Additive on the Properties of Lightweight Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Composite

et al. 2019

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“…Binder compositions are shown in Table 2. The optimal ratios of MgO/MgCl 2 and MgO/KH 2 PO 4 have been determined in previous studies [8]. The W/B ratio was chosen to ensure the same workability for all binders-240-260 mm flow diameter determined with flow table according to EN 459-2; in the case of MOC the MgCl 2 was premixed with the water to make 1:1 brine solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ecoinvent 3 database is used for most processes, such as the BG binder. The processes of MOC and MPC binders have been described in previous studies [8]. For CSA binder a new process has been created adapting the cement production process and adjusting the CO 2 emissions according to the environmental product declaration from the producer-Buzzi Unicem [21] described in the previous section.…”

Section: Preliminary Lca-definition Of Goal and Scope And Inventory Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast Setting Binders for Application in 3D Printing of Bio-Based Building Materials

et al. 2020

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The construction industry is one of the largest emitters of CO2 because the production of traditional building materials is highly energy-intensive and uses considerable amounts of raw materials. This research aims to decrease the negative environmental impact of the construction industry by providing biocomposites with a low environmental impact due to their bio-based components and efficient use of the materials through 3D printing. Agricultural waste products—hemp shives—are used in these materials as a filler together with three different types of fast-setting binders—magnesium, calcium sulphoaluminate (CSA) and those that are gypsum-based. The study determines the setting time and compressive strength of these binders, as well as the formation of biocomposites of different densities for different applications; extrusion tests and preliminary life cycle assessment (LCA) are also performed. Results show that biocomposites with hemp shives and fast setting binders have a possible application in 3D printing due to their shape stability and buildability, as well as relatively high compressive strength, which allows for load-bearing use at high densities and thermal insulation use at low densities, although printability at low binder content remains a significant challenge. Preliminary LCA results show that CSA and gypsum binders have the lowest environmental impact from the binders considered.

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“…Consequently, the European Union has several official documents and guidelines aimed at reducing CO2 emissions up to 20 % by 2020 [3], up to 40 % by 2030 [4] and the energy performance of Buildings Directive that requires all new buildings to be nearly zero-energy buildings by the end of 2020 [4]. Such political instruments call for a solution in the construction sector involving improvement and development of building materials in order to reduce the impact on the environment, such as timber construction, straw bale wall panels [5], hemp concrete [6] and green concrete. The definition of green concrete is a concrete, that either uses waste material in its mixture or other production process that lowers its environmental impact, or it has high performance and sustainable life cycle [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Foam Concrete Production in Latvia

Zimele

Šinka

Korjakins

et al. 2019

Environmental and Climate Technologies

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Global warming being increasingly discussed, solutions for reducing emission greenhouse gases become more important in all industry sectors. The total energy consumed in the construction sector contribute up to 1/3 from all greenhouse gases emissions. Large part of it comes from the cement production – 5 % of the total global emissions. The foam concrete is lightweight concrete with good thermal properties and ability to reduce CO2 emissions by reducing the use of cement due to its low density. The aim of this study is to determine impact on the environment with the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with focus on Global Warming Potential (GWP) for two different compressive strength foam concrete mixtures produced in Latvia by unique intensive mixing technology – turbulence with cavitation effect. Afterwards, the selected foam concrete mixtures are compared with alternative materials with similar compressive strength – aerated concrete and hollow ceramic blocks. The foam concrete mixture having 12.5 MPa compressive strength showed higher CO2 emissions than hallow ceramic block. The majority of CO2 emissions comes from the Portland cement, which is a key element in its composition. On the other hand, the foam concrete mixture having 2.4 MPa compressive strength showed higher CO2 emissions than aerated concrete block. The majority of CO2 emissions are due to foam glass granules, which is the main element contributing to the increased insulation properties of the material. Comparison of each foam concrete with analogue building material by compressive strength shows that the chosen foam concrete mixtures produce greater GWP than alternative materials. This research allows to identify the environmental impacts of different foam concrete mixture components and to improve these mixtures to achieve similar properties with less impact, for example, by replacing foam glass granules with granules made from recycled glass or replacing cement with flay ash, silica fume or recycled glass powder.

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Comparative life cycle assessment of magnesium binders as an alternative for hemp concrete

Cited by 101 publications

References 57 publications

Influence of Waste Plastic Aggregate and Water-Repellent Additive on the Properties of Lightweight Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Composite

Influence of Waste Plastic Aggregate and Water-Repellent Additive on the Properties of Lightweight Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Composite

Fast Setting Binders for Application in 3D Printing of Bio-Based Building Materials

Life Cycle Assessment of Foam Concrete Production in Latvia

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