Comparative Life Cycles and Life Histories of North American Rhabdias Spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae): Lungworms from Snakes and Anurans

Langford, Gabriel J.; Janovy, John

doi:10.1645/ge-2044.1

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Infective larvae were obtained from laboratory cultures maintained using the method of Chu (1936) or its modification by Langford and Janovy (2009). Excepting E. entomelas (Dujardin 1845) and E. dujardini, host faeces were used as culture media for all species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most species, infective larvae (IL) develop from offspring of the free-living generation. However, in species of Rhabdias Stiles et Hassall, 1905 that parasitize snakes and in Chabirenia cayannensis Lhermitte-Vallarino, Bain, Deharo, Bertani, Voza, Attout et Gaucher, 2005 from lizards IL may develop directly from the eggs of the parasitic generation (Lhermitte-Vallarino et al 2005;Langford and Janovy 2009;Kuzmin 2013). The IL of species parasitizing amphibians infect their hosts by direct skin penetration, whereas parasites of reptiles infect their hosts orally and may use transport hosts (Chu 1936;Anderson 2000;Langford and Janovy 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infective larvae of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda): comparative morphology of seven European species

Kuzmin

Junker

Bain³

2014

Acta Parasitologica

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The morphology of infective third-stage larvae of Rhabdias bufonis, R. rubrovenosa, R. sphaerocephala, R. fuscovenosa, R. elaphe, Entomelas entomelas and E. dujardini is described. The sheath structure in the studied larvae appeared to be similar to that described in other species of the family Rhabdiasidae, its chequered aspect being caused by a combination of outer longitudinal striations and inner longitudinal as well as transverse ridges. The larvae were similar in general morphology but differed in the presence/absence of anterior apical protuberances (pseudolabia), the shape and ornamentation of the tail tip, and the structure of lateral alae in the caudal region of the body. No relationship between the morphological characters of the larvae of the studied species and their taxonomic position or specificity of adult parasites to a particular host group was observed. Regardless, the larvae of each species can be identified by a combination of morphological peculiarities in the anterior and caudal regions of the body.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infective larvae of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda): comparative morphology of seven European species

Kuzmin

Junker

Bain³

2014

Acta Parasitologica

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“…Because some of these toads may have become infected, or have expelled their Rhabdias, at some point between initial capture and final sampling, the second analysis was restricted to shorter capture-recapture intervals (10-20 days)-at the cost of a reduced sample size-to minimize the probability of a shift in infection status and intensity. Laboratory studies on four different species of North American Rhabdias revealed minimum pre-patent periods of 5-20 days in four species of experimentally infected anurans (Langford and Janovy 2009). …”

Section: Mark-recapturementioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of lung parasites on the growth rates of free-ranging and captive adult cane toads

2010

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Many parasites affect the viability of their hosts, but detailed studies combining empirical data from both the field and the laboratory are limited. Consequently, the nature and magnitude of such effects are poorly known for many important host-parasite systems, including macroparasites of amphibians. We examined the effects of lungworm (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) infections in cane toads (Bufo marinus) within their invasive Australian range. The host-specificity of this parasite suggests that it might serve as a biological control agent for toads in Australia, if infection proves to reduce toad viability. Mark-recapture studies in the field (near Darwin, Northern Territory) revealed lowered growth rates in infected adult toads when compared to uninfected toads, and a laboratory experiment confirmed causality: experimental infection with R. pseudosphaerocephala reduce toad growth rates. In combination with previous work on the current host-parasite system, it is now evident that nematode lungworms reduce the viability of both newly metamorphosed and adult cane toads, and do so in the field as well as in the laboratory. Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala may be a valuable component of a biological control strategy for cane toads in Australia.

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“…The life cycles of species of Rhabdias include a parasitic and a free-living phase; infective larvae dwell in host faeces and soil and enter the amphibian hosts via direct skin penetration (Baker 1979, Anderson 2000, Langford and Janovy 2009. Consequently, species of this genus are commonly parasitic in terrestrial and semi-aquatic amphibians.…”

Section: Parasitic Nematodes Of the Genus Rhabdias Stiles Etmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new species of Rhabdias Stiles et Hassall, 1905 (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from anuran amphibians in Para, Brazil

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Two new lung-dwelling nematode species of the genus Rhabdias Stiles et Hassall, 1905 were discovered in Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará state, Brazil. Rhabdias galactonoti sp. n. was found in a dendrobatid frog Adelphobates galactonotus (Steindachner). The species is characterised by the regularly folded inner surface of the anterior part of the buccal capsule seen in apical view, flaskshaped oesophageal bulb and narrow, elongated tail. Rhabdias stenocephala sp. n. from two species of leptodactylid frogs, Leptodactylus pentadactylus (Laurenti) (type host) and L. paraensis (Heyer), is characterised by a narrow anterior end that is separated from the remaining body by a constriction. Both species possess six small but distinct lips, a cuticle that is inflated along the whole body, a doliiform buccal capsule separated into a longer anterior and a shallow, ring-shaped posterior part, lateral pores in the body cuticle and zones of spermatogenesis in the syngonia. Rhabdias galactonoti sp. n. is the first species of the genus found in Dendrobatidae; R. stenocephala sp. n. is the second species described from Leptodactylidae in eastern Amazonia.

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Comparative Life Cycles and Life Histories of North American Rhabdias Spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae): Lungworms from Snakes and Anurans

Cited by 55 publications

References 32 publications

Infective larvae of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda): comparative morphology of seven European species

Infective larvae of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda): comparative morphology of seven European species

Influence of lung parasites on the growth rates of free-ranging and captive adult cane toads

Two new species of Rhabdias Stiles et Hassall, 1905 (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from anuran amphibians in Para, Brazil

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