Comparative measurement of ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, EGF and IGF-1 in breast milk of mothers with overweight/obese and normal-weight infants

Khodabakhshi, Adeleh; Ghayour‐Mobarhan, Majid; Rooki, Hassan; Vakili, Rahim; Hashemy, Seyed Isaac; Mirhafez, Seyed Reza; Shakeri, Mohammad Taghi; Kashanifar, Roxana; Pourbafarani, R.; Mirzaei, Hamed; Dahri, Monireh; Mazidi, Mohsen; Ferns, G.; Safarian, Mohammad

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.205

Cited by 47 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, the majority of previous studies analysed leptin in skim HM in cross-sectional cohorts and are restricted to the first and third months postpartum [25], limiting their ability to determine leptin profiles during lactation in women of varying BC. Only three studies have analysed %FM using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) [24], skinfold measures [63] and bioelectrical impedance analysis [65] and they found a strong association between %FM and skim milk leptin, consistent with the results from our study. Interestingly, Khodabakhshi et al (2015) [65] found association between HM leptin and both %FM and BMI only in the subset of mothers of obese infants but not in the subset of mothers of normal infants, although these two groups did not differ by BMI or leptin concentration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human milk (HM) appetite hormones and macronutrients may mediate satiety in breastfed infants. This study investigated associations between maternal adiposity and concentrations of HM leptin, adiponectin, protein and lactose, and whether these concentrations and the relationship between body mass index and percentage fat mass (%FM) in a breastfeeding population change over the first year of lactation. Lactating women (n = 59) provided milk samples (n = 283) at the 2nd, 5th, 9th and/or 12th month of lactation. Concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, total protein and lactose were measured. Maternal %FM was measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Higher maternal %FM was associated with higher leptin concentrations in both whole (0.006 ± 0.002 ng/mL, p = 0.008) and skim HM (0.005 ± 0.002 ng/mL, p = 0.007), and protein (0.16 ± 0.07 g/L, p = 0.028) concentrations. Adiponectin and lactose concentrations were not associated with %FM (0.01 ± 0.06 ng/mL, p = 0.81; 0.08 ± 0.11 g/L, p = 0.48, respectively). Whole milk concentrations of adiponectin and leptin did not differ significantly over the first year of lactation. These findings suggest that the level of maternal adiposity during lactation may influence the early appetite programming of breastfed infants by modulating concentrations of HM components.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 1 Indeed, several studies have identified the associations between the concentration of these hormones in breast milk and subsequent infant weight and growth. 25 26 42 However, these finding are associations and may be explained by confounding factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Impact of maternal BMI and sampling strategy on the concentration of leptin, insulin, ghrelin and resistin in breast milk across a single feed: a longitudinal cohort study

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesWe tested the hypothesis that there is a positive association between maternal body mass index (BMI) and the concentration of appetite-regulating hormones leptin, insulin, ghrelin and resistin in breast milk. We also aimed to describe the change in breast milk hormone concentration within each feed, and over time.SettingMothers were recruited from the postpartum ward at a university hospital in London. Breast milk samples were collected at the participants’ homes.ParticipantsWe recruited 120 healthy, primiparous, breastfeeding mothers, aged over 18 years. Mothers who smoked, had multiple births or had diabetes were excluded. Foremilk and hindmilk samples were collected from 105 women at 1 week postpartum and 92 women at 3 months postpartum.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe recorded maternal and infant anthropometric measurements at each sample collection and measured hormone concentrations using a multiplex assay.ResultsThe concentration of leptin in foremilk correlated with maternal BMI at the time of sample collection, at 7 days (r=0.31, p=0.02) and 3 months postpartum (r=0.30, p=<0.00). Foremilk insulin correlated with maternal BMI at 3 months postpartum (r=0.22, p=0.04). Breast milk ghrelin and resistin were not correlated with maternal BMI. Ghrelin concentrations at 3 months postpartum were increased in foremilk compared with hindmilk (p=0.01). Concentrations of ghrelin were increased in hindmilk collected at 1 week postpartum compared with samples collected at 3 months postpartum (p=0.03). A trend towards decreased insulin concentrations in hindmilk was noted. Concentrations of leptin and resistin were not seen to alter over a feed.ConclusionsA positive correlation between maternal BMI and foremilk leptin concentration at both time points studied, and foremilk insulin at 3 months postpartum was observed. This may have implications for infant appetite regulation and obesity risk.

show abstract

“…An additional study also reported no significant correlation between maternal BMI and ghrelin concentration in breast milk . However, a recent study found an inverse association between maternal BMI and ghrelin concentration in breast milk . Overall, the evidence for an association between breast milk ghrelin and maternal factors, including maternal BMI, remains unclear.…”

Section: Bioactive Components In Breast Milkmentioning

confidence: 97%

A narrative review of the associations between six bioactive components in breast milk and infant adiposity

Fields

Schneider

Pavela

2016

Obesity

111

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective This narrative review examines six important non-nutritive substances in breastmilk, many of which were thought to have little to no biological significance. The overall objective of this narrative review is to provide background on key bioactive factors in breastmilk believed to have an effect on infant outcomes (growth and body composition). Methods The evidence for the effects of the following six bioactive compounds in breastmilk on infant growth outcomes are reviewed: insulin, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Results The existing literature on the effects of breastmilk insulin, ghrelin, IL-6 and TNF-α and their associations with infant growth and adiposity is sparse. Of the bioactive compounds reviewed, leptin and adiponectin are the most researched. Data reveals that breastmilk adiponectin has negative associations with growth in infancy. Conclusions There is a need for innovative, well-designed studies to improve causal inference and advance our understanding in the effects of breastmilk and its components on offspring growth and body composition. The recommendations provided, along with careful consideration of both known and unknown factors that affect breastmilk composition, will help improve, standardize and ultimately advance this emergent field.

show abstract

Comparative measurement of ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, EGF and IGF-1 in breast milk of mothers with overweight/obese and normal-weight infants

Abstract: This study revealed that there was a correlation between ghrelin and EGF level in breast milk of mothers with obese and non-obese infants, suggesting a possible regulatory effect of these two hormones on weight in infants.

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

Impact of maternal BMI and sampling strategy on the concentration of leptin, insulin, ghrelin and resistin in breast milk across a single feed: a longitudinal cohort study

A narrative review of the associations between six bioactive components in breast milk and infant adiposity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About