Comparative Metabolism of Parathion by Intertidal Invertebrates

Garnas, Richard L.; Crosby, Donald G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-718260-5.50019-0

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several flow-through systems have been developed to study xenobiotic biotransformation in aquatic organisms (Garnas and Crosby 1979, Knezovich and Crosby 1985, Tjeerdema and Crosby 1987. Flowthrough conditions reduce problems associated with poor oxygenation, chemical partitioning, and remetabolism.…”

Section: Exposure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposition and biotransformation of pentachlorophenol in the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)

Tjeerdema

Crosby

1992

Xenobiotica

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1. The disposition and biotransformation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) have been determined. 2. In a flow-through system, three abalones were exposed to 1.2 mg/l of [U-14C]PCP for 5 h to determine bioconcentration and tissue distribution. Retained residues were quantified from radioactivity, while excreted residues were identified and quantified by h.p.l.c. and determination of radioactivity. 3. The 5-h total concentration factor ranged from 16.0 to 21.5; individual tissue concentrations ranged from 133.4 nmol/g in gill to 17.5 nmol/g in gonad. Due to its large size, the foot muscle received the largest amount of total retained residue (47.4%). 4. During a 13-h recovery period the abalones depurated 72.2% of retained residues; however, residue concentration in gonad increased over 100%. PCP was primarily excreted unchanged (89.3%), but small amounts of pentachloro-beta-D-glucoside (7.9%), pentachloroanisole (1.3%), pentachlorophenylsulphate (0.9%), and tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone (0.6%) were also formed.

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Section: Exposure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposition and biotransformation of pentachlorophenol in the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)

Tjeerdema

Crosby

1992

Xenobiotica

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“…Matrix Effects. Since 4-nitrophenol and substituted 4-nitrophenols are metabolites of some organophosphorus pesticides as well as products of industry and laboratory wastes, these contaminants have been found in the environment (Mikami et al, 1985;Mulla et al" 1981b;Sethunathan et al, 1977;Weber, 1977), foods (Abbott et al, 1970), biological fluids (Elliott et al, 1960), and organisms (Anjum and Qadri, 1986; Garnas and Crosby, 1979;Kobayashi et al, 1985). A study of matrix effects on this assay is therefore crucial for its successful application to various samples.…”

Section: Standard Curves and Interpretation Of Standardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for 4-nitrophenol and substituted 4-nitrophenols

Li¹,

Zhao²,

Gee³

et al. 1991

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Sublethal effects of pentachlorophenol in the abalone (haliotis rufescens) as measured by in vivo ³¹P NMRSpectroscopy

Tjeerdema

Fan

Higashi³

et al. 1991

J. Biochem. Toxicol.

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The sublethal biochemical effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) were investigated in live, intact red abalones (Haliotis rufescens), using a flow-through exposure system, by in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy. Based on rangefinding tests (6-hr LC50 = 1.6 mg/L; 6-hr no-observable-effect-level (NOEL) = 0.8 mg/L), three abalones were separately exposed to a sublethal concentration (1.2 mg/L) for 5 hr, followed by a 13 hr recovery period. Effects in foot muscle included both a decrease in phosphoarginine and an increase in inorganic monophosphate concentrations ([PA] and [Pi], respectively); both foot muscle concentrations of adenosine triphosphate [ATP] and intracellular pH (pHi) also declined. Parallel in vitro experiments revealed that concentrations of glycerol 3-phosphate, lactate, citrate, succinate, malate, and alanine (Ala) all increased, while those of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glutamine (Gln) remained stable. Also, these effects were not evident until 2 hr into exposure, possibly the time required for PCP to attain an effective concentration in foot muscle. During recovery, while Pi declined to pre-exposure levels, [PA] completely recovered in only one individual. Also, realkalinization of pHi was similar to recovery of [Pi], and ATP returned to near-initial levels, as did glycerol 3-phosphate, lactate, succinate, malate, and Ala; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, citrate, and Gln levels declined. Recovery responses corresponded to the time for PCP clearance from foot muscle. The effects of PCP were similar to those of hypoxia, fatigue, hypersalinity, and arginine kinase inhibitors, and so sublethal PCP concentrations may also inhibit electron transport and arginine kinase as well as uncouple mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in intact molluscs. Thus, the effects of pollutants on key biochemical processes may now be measured in intact aquatic organisms as they occur, improving our ability to accurately assess the environmental effects of pollutants in the laboratory.

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Comparative Metabolism of Parathion by Intertidal Invertebrates

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Disposition and biotransformation of pentachlorophenol in the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)

Disposition and biotransformation of pentachlorophenol in the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)

Development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for 4-nitrophenol and substituted 4-nitrophenols

Sublethal effects of pentachlorophenol in the abalone (haliotis rufescens) as measured by in vivo ³¹P NMRSpectroscopy

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Comparative Metabolism of Parathion by Intertidal Invertebrates

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Disposition and biotransformation of pentachlorophenol in the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)

Disposition and biotransformation of pentachlorophenol in the red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)

Development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for 4-nitrophenol and substituted 4-nitrophenols

Sublethal effects of pentachlorophenol in the abalone (haliotis rufescens) as measured by in vivo 31P NMRSpectroscopy

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Sublethal effects of pentachlorophenol in the abalone (haliotis rufescens) as measured by in vivo ³¹P NMRSpectroscopy