Comparative mutational analysis of distal colon cancer with rectal cancer

Abstract

Distal colon and rectal cancer are associated with each other but display distinct clinical behavior; however, the genetic basis for these differences is poorly understood. In the present study, a systematic comparison of mutational profiles between 137 distal colon and 125 rectal cancer samples was performed based on the data from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Tumor mutational burden analysis showed that distal colon and rectal cancer harbored a similar burden of ~5.9 mutations/megabase, irrespective of the mismatch repair status. Comparison of significantly mutated genes between the groups determined that B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase mutations were enriched in distal colon cancer, whilst RAS and SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) mutations were significantly more frequent in rectal cancer. Furthermore, two novel and potentially targetable hotspot mutations (APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway R876* and SMAD4 R361) were identified, which were enriched in rectal cancer compared with distal colon cancer. Overall, the results of the present study showed that the mutation profiles of distal colon and rectal cancer were largely similar, but distinct in specific key genetic events, which may provide valuable information for improving the management of patients with the disease.

Retrospective Analysis of 53 Cases who Developed Colon Fistula

“…Fistula was most commonly seen after rectal Ca surgeries. The most common cancer location in the colorectal region is the rectum, and the postoperative fistula location is the rectum 6,7,8,9 . In cases of colorectal cancer, anastomotic leakage after resection may lead to local peritonitis, generalized peritonitis, and sepsis and may lead to a mortal course.…”

Bioactivities and Structure‐Activity Relationships of Maslinic Acid Derivatives: A Review

“…MA inhibits the proliferation of MKN28 cells by inhibiting IL‐6/JAK/STAT3 signaling cascades. MA can inhibit the expression of IL‐6, induce the phosphorylation of JAK and STAT3, and down‐regulate the expression of Stat3‐mediated proteins Bad, Bcl‐2 and Bax [27] …”

Expression Profiles of Hypoxia-Related Genes of Cancers Originating from Anatomically Similar Locations Using TCGA Database Analysis

“…Medicines 2024, 11, 2 2 of 16 Cancers originating in anatomically close organs may have similar genetic profiles. For example, the mutational profiles of distal colon and rectal cancer are similar, although the two cancers display distinct clinical behaviors [5]. Likewise, esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas share commonalities in targeted therapeutic strategies and clinical outcomes, particularly in terms of mortality rates [6].…”