Comparative pathogenicity of opportunistic black yeasts in <i>Aureobasidium</i>

Wang, Meizhu; Danesi, Patrizia; James, Timothy Y.; Al‐Hatmi, Abdullah M. S.; Najafzadeh, Mohammad Javad; Dolatabadi, Somayeh; Ming, Chunyan; Liou, Geou-Yarh; Kang, Yingqian; Hoog, Sybren de

doi:10.1111/myc.12931

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A. pullulans and A. melanogenum are black-yeast-like surface colonizers and are commonly encountered as contaminants in hospitals. These species are able to produce melanin, which plays a role in protection against environmental stress and irradiation [ 53 ]. Certain fungi can produce melanin via dihydroxyphenylalanine, which is used by tyrosinases or laccases to hydroxylate tyrosine to dopaquinone, which then auto-oxidizes and polymerizes, producing black polyphenolic heteropolymers [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis of Auricularia fibrillifera fruit-body responses to drought stress and rehydration

et al. 2022

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Background Drought stress severely restricts edible fungus production. The genus Auricularia has a rare drought tolerance, a rehydration capability, and is nutrient rich. Results The key genes and metabolic pathways involved in drought-stress and rehydration were investigated using a transcriptome analysis to clarify the relevant molecular mechanisms. In total, 173.93 Mb clean reads, 26.09 Gb of data bulk, and 52,954 unigenes were obtained. Under drought-stress and rehydration conditions, 14,235 and 8539 differentially expressed genes, respectively, were detected. ‘Tyrosine metabolic’, ‘caffeine metabolism’, ‘ribosome’, ‘phagosome’, and ‘proline and arginine metabolism’, as well as ‘peroxisome’ and ‘mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling’ pathways, had major roles in A. fibrillifera responses to drought stress. ‘Tyrosine’ and ‘caffeine metabolism’ might reveal unknown mechanisms for the antioxidation of A. fibrillifera under drought-stress conditions. During the rehydration process, ‘diterpenoid biosynthesis’, ‘butanoate metabolism’, ‘C5-branched dibasic acid’, and ‘aflatoxin biosynthesis’ pathways were significantly enriched. Gibberellins and γ-aminobutyric acid were important in the recovery of A. fibrillifera growth after rehydration. Many genes related to antibiotics, vitamins, and other health-related ingredients were found in A. fibrillifera. Conclusion These findings suggested that the candidate genes and metabolites involved in crucial biological pathways might regulate the drought tolerance or rehydration of Auricularia, shedding light on the corresponding mechanisms and providing new potential targets for the breeding and cultivation of drought-tolerant fungi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis of Auricularia fibrillifera fruit-body responses to drought stress and rehydration

et al. 2022

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“…This is because for microorganisms to successfully infect an individual they should be capable of overcoming many protection barriers. Hence, the capability to survive multiple unfavorable factors, such as elevated temperatures, unfavorable pH, humidity, irradiation, and pollutants also provides opportunistic possibilities [89]. An increase in the abundance of some opportunistic bacteria and fungi in roadside trees observed in this study can be explained by resistance of these microorganisms to multiple stressors.…”

Section: Phylloplane: Resistance To Traffic-related Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Phylloplane Biodiversity and Activity in the City at Different Distances from the Traffic Pollution Source

Ivashchenko

Korneykova

Сазонова

et al. 2022

Plants

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The phylloplane is an integrated part of green infrastructure which interacts with plant health. Taxonomic characterization of the phylloplane with the aim to link it to ecosystem functioning under anthropogenic pressure is not sufficient because only active microorganisms drive biochemical processes. Activity of the phylloplane remains largely overlooked. We aimed to study the interactions among the biological characteristics of the phylloplane: taxonomic diversity, functional diversity and activity, and the pollution grade. Leaves of Betula pendula were sampled in Moscow at increasing distances from the road. For determination of phylloplane activity and functional diversity, a MicroResp tool was utilized. Taxonomic diversity of the phylloplane was assessed with a combination of microorganism cultivation and molecular techniques. Increase of anthropogenic load resulted in higher microbial respiration and lower DNA amount, which could be viewed as relative inefficiency of phylloplane functioning in comparison to less contaminated areas. Taxonomic diversity declined with road vicinity, similar to the functional diversity pattern. The content of Zn in leaf dust better explained the variation in phylloplane activity and the amount of DNA. Functional diversity was linked to variation in nutrient content. The fraction of pathogenic fungi of the phylloplane was not correlated with any of the studied elements, while it was significantly high at the roadsides. The bacterial classes Gammaproteobacteria and Cytophagia, as well as the Dothideomycetes class of fungi, are exposed to the maximal effect of distance from the highway. This study demonstrated the sensitivity of the phylloplane to road vicinity, which combines the effects of contaminants (mainly Zn according to this study) and potential stressful air microclimatic conditions (e.g., low relative air humidity, high temperature, and UV level). Microbial activity and taxonomic diversity of the phylloplane could be considered as an additional tool for bioindication.

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“…The genus Candida is an opportunistic pathogen that causes candidiasis and candidaemia in both humans and animals [ 19 ]. Aureobasidium melanogenum and Moesziomyces species are opportunistic pathogenic yeasts that cause fungemia [ 20 – 22 ] and trigger hypersensitivity pneumonitis in humans [ 23 ]. Rhodotorula spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of commensal yeasts in the external ear canal of cats

et al. 2021

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Background Lifestyle factors such as hair length, the frequency of ear cleaning and bathing, age, cat rearing, and sex may contribute to opportunistic yeast infections in the external ear canal of cats. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of commensal yeast organisms in cats’ external ear canals, evaluate their predisposing lifestyle factors, and test the susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis to antifungal agents. Results A total of 53 cats (33 male and 20 female) seronegative for feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus were enrolled in this study. Their mean age (± standard deviation) was 6.04 (± 3.49) years. Fungal cultures and polymerase chain reaction tests were performed to identify the yeast species derived from the external ear canal. The association between lifestyle factors and the presence of M. pachydermatis was evaluated using Fisher’s exact test. The susceptibility of M. pachydermatis to antifungal agents was also analyzed. M. pachydermatis was the most frequently recovered yeast species, with a prevalence of 50.94 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 36.84–64.94 %). There was an association between hair length and a positive culture for M. pachydermatis (p = 0.0001). The odds of a negative culture for M. pachydermatis among short-haired cats was 11.67 (95 % CI, 3.22–42.24) times higher than that among long-haired cats (p = 0.0002). There was also an association between the frequency of ear cleaning and the presence of M. pachydermatis (p = 0.007). The odds of a negative culture for M. pachydermatis in cats that were receiving ear cleaning at intervals of ≤ 2 weeks was 5.78 (95 % CI, 1.67–19.94) times greater than that of cats receiving ear cleaning at intervals greater than 2 weeks or never (p = 0.0055). Ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations for itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and terbinafine against M. pachydermatis were ≤ 0.063–4 and ≤ 0.063–≥32, ≤ 0.063–8 and 0.125–≥32, ≤ 0.063–≥32 and 0.5–≥32, and ≤ 0.016–1 and 0.125–8 µg/ml, respectively. Conclusions M. pachydermatis was the most commonly identified yeast organism in the external ear canal of healthy cats. Hair length and the frequency of ear cleaning played a role in the colonization of M. pachydermatis. The M. pachydermatis isolates had various MIC levels for common fungicides.

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Comparative pathogenicity of opportunistic black yeasts in Aureobasidium

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Transcriptome analysis of Auricularia fibrillifera fruit-body responses to drought stress and rehydration

Transcriptome analysis of Auricularia fibrillifera fruit-body responses to drought stress and rehydration

Phylloplane Biodiversity and Activity in the City at Different Distances from the Traffic Pollution Source

Prevalence and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of commensal yeasts in the external ear canal of cats

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