“…Several examples of such algorithms for PID controller design can be encountered in the literature due to this advantage. Some of them are: gravitational search algorithm (Duman et al, 2011), Harris hawks optimization algorithm (Ekinci et al, 2020b), kidney-inspired algorithm (Hekimoğlu, 2019b), flower pollination algorithm (Potnuru et al, 2019), grey wolf optimization algorithm (Bhatnagar and Gupta, 2018), invasive weed optimization algorithm (Khalilpour et al, 2011), genetic algorithm (El-Deen et al, 2015), stochastic fractal search algorithm (Khanam and Parmar, 2017), teaching–learning-based optimization (Mishra et al, 2020), ant colony optimization (Kouassi et al, 2020), swarm learning process (Pongfai et al, 2020), particle swarm optimization (Sabir and Khan, 2014), water cycle algorithm (Mohamed et al, 2020), sine cosine algorithm (Agarwal et al, 2018b) and its improved version (Ekinci et al, 2019) along with slime mould algorithm (Izci and Ekinci, 2021) and hybrid atom search optimization with simulated annealing algorithm (Eker et al, 2021). Further improvement on PID controller design can still be achieved despite the promising results obtained by the abovementioned algorithms since there is a dizzying effort in terms of development of new metaheuristics.…”