Comparative Performance of Different Traps for Collection of Phlebotominae Sand Flies and Estimation of Biodiversity Indices in Three Endemic Leishmaniasis Foci in North Khorasan Province, Northeast of Iran

Abstract


 Background: Phlebotominae sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are the vectors of leishmaniasis. There are different methods for sand fly collection with different performance. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of different traps for collection of Phlebotominae sand flies in three endemic leishmaniasis foci in North Khorasan Prov-ince, northeast of Iran.
 Methods: Sand flies were collected using seven different traps from three villages, three times each twenty days during peak periods of seasonal activity in 2016.
 Results: A total of 7253 sand flies were collected. The specimens belonged to19 species. Phlebotomus sergenti was the most predominant species in the study area. Light trap baited with Carbon dioxide (CLT) and sticky paper trap (SPT) caught 22.6% and 22.3% of sand flies respectively. Animal baited trap (ABT) and white Shannon trap (WST) caught significantly fewer sand flies than the other traps. The sex ratio was different by phlebotominae sand fly species and collection methods. The sex ratio was highest in SPT and lowest in black Shannon trap (BST). Species diversity and species richness in SPT were more than other traps.
 Conclusion: Our findings confirm that CLT and SPT are the most efficient sand fly collection methods. CLT is higher attractive for females and Phlebotomus genus and is an ideal method for monitoring the population of Phlebotomus ge-nus during surveillance. SPT is an inexpensive, convenient and easy to be used to detect the presence of sand flies at low densities and provide a more realistic estimation of sand flies biodiversity.

Inovações Tecnológicas Aplicadas ao Estudo de Insetos Vetores: uma prospecção tecnológica sobre diferentes armadilhas para flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae)

“…Galati et al (2010) testaram diferentes configurações de uma mesma armadilha com o propósito de aumentar a eficácia de um método de captura de flebotomíneos. Arzamani et al (2019) analisaram a eficiência de diferentes métodos de captura, em que dois ou mais métodos foram testados a fim de determinar qual deles é capaz de atrair e capturar o maior número de flebotomíneos ou a maior variedade de espécies. Nota-se que, dentro dos estudos, são várias as técnicas utilizadas para coleta, e o tipo de técnica pode relacionar-se com o objetivo do estudo a fim de contribuir para resultados mais precisos.…”