Comparative performance of six planter attachments in two residue management corn production systems

Abstract

Field performance of six combinations of planter attachments on a conventional row-crop planter in two residue management corn production systems was evaluated. The management systems consisted of baled-out residue plots worked by a single pass of disc harrow (RMS1) or untouched residue plots worked by a single pass of chisel plow followed by a disc harrow (RMS2); both systems were planted by a row crop planter with one out of six attachments. Results revealed that both systems fell within residue cover limits defined for conservation farming. The winged chisel furrow opener preceded by a row cleaner equipped with treader wheels (WCRT) arrangement removed appreciable amounts of residues on the row for both systems, but more residues were removed for RMS2 plots. The WCRT pushed almost double amount of residue aside. In spite of higher initial residue in RMS2, chisel plowing and subsequent disc harrowing reduced more residues paving the way for planting in a more seeding depth. Higher percentage of emergence rate index was noticed for RMS2 plots. For both systems, the WCRT and chisel furrow opener preceded by a row cleaner (CR) showed the maximum and minimum quality of feed index, respectively. However this index was higher for RMS2 plots. The WCRT and CR arrangements had the minimum and the maximum multiple index values, respectively. However this index decreased significantly in RMS2 plots compared to RMS1 plots. The RMS2 treatments showed lower values of precision index, which is favorable. The results suggest that adoption of WCRT to planters in soil prepared under RMS2 is useful for a satisfactory conservation crop production system. Additional key words: conservation agriculture; furrow opener; row cleaner; row-cop planter; treader wheels. ResumenComparación del comportamiento de seis acoplamientos a una sembradora en dos sistemas de manejo de residuos en la producción de maíz Se evaluó el comportamiento en campo de seis acoplamientos de elementos de siembra montados sobre una sembradora convencional en surcos con dos sistemas de manejo de residuos (RMS1 y RMS2) para un cultivo de maíz: RMS1 se aplicó a parcelas cuyos residuos fueron empacados mediante un único pase de grada de discos; RMS2 consistió en un pase de arado cincel sobre los residuos sin tratar, seguido de un pase de grada de discos; en ambos sistemas la sembradora llevaba uno de seis diferentes acoplamientos. El abresurcos de reja escarificadora equipada con aletas laterales precedido por un separador de residuos y ruedas acondicionadoras (WCRT) desplazó cantidades apreciables de residuos en los surcos de ambos sistemas, pero en mayor cantidad en las parcelas RMS2. El WCRT desplazó lateralmente casi el doble de la cantidad de residuos. A pesar de haber inicialmente más residuos en RMS2, el arado de cincel y el posterior pase de grada de discos redujeron la cantidad de residuos, preparando el terreno para sembrar a una mayor profundidad. En las parcelas RMS2 hubo un índice de emergencia superior. Para ambos sistemas, el WCRT y el abresurc...

Grazing cover crops in continuous corn production in east‐central Mississippi

“…Planter configuration with residue management components provided effective seed trench construction, removing residue interference in germination and seedling development. The addition of this technology allows for crops to be established in high residue planting environments (Dadi & Raoufat, 2012). However, even with the incorporated technology, significantly greater residue in the UG plots resulted in a 3% lower seedling count compared to G plots (5.17 vs. 5.30 seedlings m −1 ; Table 3).…”

Design and Experiment of Active Spiral Pushing Straw Row-Sorting Device

“…Among them, for the passive straw row-sorting device, Kristina Vaitauskien ė et al [10] studied the effects of the rake angle, interval, working speed, and other factors of the sawtooth disc-type straw-cleaning device on the straw-cleaning efficiency and determined the optimal parameters. V. Dadi et al [11] studied the influence of different shapes of discs on the efficiency of straw cleaning, and through the comparison of different schemes, developed a straw row-sorting device that combines the rotating wheel with the conical wave wheel. Honglei Jia et al [12] studied the straw-cleaning device that can intelligently control the operation depth, designed the structure of the strawcleaning wheel according to the bionic principle, and determined the optimal parameter combination through the data processing software.…”