Comparative performance of various smart aggregates during strength gain and damage states of concrete

Saravanan, T. Jothi; Balamonica, K.; Priya, C. Bharathi; Reddy, A. Likhith

doi:10.1088/0964-1726/24/8/085016

Cited by 67 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The behavior of a concrete member can be classified into two states: an intact state (no damage occurrence) and a damage state (inner concrete damage, crack propagation, and failure). In the intact state, the impedance signals are changed rarely due to the prestress acting on the coated PZT (i.e., σ o 1 + σ o 2 ) [ 24 ]. When inner concrete cracks occur locally close to the coated PZT sensor, the prestress is partially released.…”

Section: Theoretical Model Of the Piezoelectric Sensor-embedded Smmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When inner concrete cracks occur locally close to the coated PZT sensor, the prestress is partially released. This reveals that the boundary conditions surrounding the coated PZT are changed, resulting in rushed changes in the impedance responses of the embedded PZT sensors [ 24 , 40 ]. Figure 3 b illustrates the impedance responses of the PZT-embedded smart rock in a concrete member under compression.…”

Section: Theoretical Model Of the Piezoelectric Sensor-embedded Smmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to overcome the issue, the PZT-embedded concrete block (a so-called ‘smart aggregate’ [ 22 ]) has been employed to monitor concrete structures. Several applications have been carried out in order to evaluate the applicability of the smart aggregate to the SHM of concrete members [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. However, the predetermination of the frequency bands for the impedance monitoring of the smart aggregate has not been conducted so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric Sensor-Embedded Smart Rock for Damage Monitoring in a Prestressed Anchorage Zone

Pham

Dang

Kim

2021

Sensors

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In this paper, a piezoelectric sensor-embedded smart rock is proposed for the electromechanical impedance monitoring of internal concrete damage in a prestressed anchorage zone. Firstly, a piezoelectric sensor-embedded smart rock is analyzed for impedance monitoring in concrete structures. An impedance measurement model is analyzed for the PZT (lead zirconate titanate)-embedded smart rock under compression in a concrete member. Secondly, a prototype of the smart rock embedded with a PZT sensor is designed in order to ascertain, sensitively, the variations of the impedance signatures induced by concrete damage in an anchorage zone. Thirdly, the performance of the smart rock is estimated from a numerical analysis and experimental tests. Variations in the impedance signals under compressive test cases are analyzed in order to predetermine the sensitive frequency band for the impedance monitoring. Lastly, an experiment on an anchorage zone embedded with the smart rocks and surface-mounted PZT sensors is conducted for the impedance measurement under a series of loading cases. The impedance variations are quantified in order to comparatively evaluate the feasibility of the sensor-embedded smart rock for the detection of internal concrete damage in the anchorage zone. The results show that the internal concrete damage was successfully detected using the PZT-embedded smart rock, thus enabling the application of the technique for anchorage zone health monitoring.

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Section: Theoretical Model Of the Piezoelectric Sensor-embedded Smmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Model Of the Piezoelectric Sensor-embedded Smmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric Sensor-Embedded Smart Rock for Damage Monitoring in a Prestressed Anchorage Zone

Pham

Dang

Kim

2021

Sensors

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“…The performances of different types of smart aggregates were studied when they were embedded to monitor the strength gain of early age concrete. 22 Kim et al 23 demonstrated that a relationship can be established between the concrete curing status and the gradient of the susceptance spectrum measured from an embedded PZT. This approach could be advantageous since one no longer needs to identify the resonance peaks from the admittance signatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel electromechanical impedance–based model for strength development monitoring of cementitious materials

Lim

Soh

2017

Structural Health Monitoring

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Strength monitoring of early age concrete improves the efficiency of construction as it provides information on the optimum time for shoring removal and pre-stress transferring. Electromechanical impedance technique has been proven to be a useful tool for strength monitoring of cementitious materials. One of the key limitations of this technique is the lack of physical models, which resulted in strong reliance on statistical analysis tools to quantify the strength of structure being monitored. In this proof-of-concept study, a novel electromechanical impedance–based model with the potential of monitoring the strength of cementitious materials using the concept of Smart Probe is proposed. Instead of directly bonding a lead zirconate titanate patch on the host structure, a lead zirconate titanate was first surface-bonded on a pre-fabricated aluminum beam, which is termed Smart Probe. The Smart Probe was then partially embedded into cementitious materials for strength monitoring. The structural resonant frequencies of the Smart Probe can be identified from the conductance signatures measured from the lead zirconate titanate patch throughout the curing process and serve as strength indicator. By modeling the cementitious material as an elastic foundation supporting the Smart Probe, an analytical model was developed to predict the dynamic modulus of elasticity of cementitious materials based on the resonance frequency of the Smart Probe. Experimental study was carried out on a mortar slab specimen to verify the model and to investigate the performance of the Smart Probe. It was found that the dynamic modulus of elasticity of the host structure could be predicted from the conductance signatures using the proposed model. Compressive strength assessment was achieved by establishing an empirical relation with the dynamic modulus. The proposed electromechanical impedance–based model with Smart Probe is physically parametric in nature and shows high repeatability, which renders its superiority over the conventional statistical method–based electromechanical impedance technique for strength monitoring of cementitious materials.

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“…A comparitive study on the sensitivity of the EM admittance and structural mechanical impedance to damage in concrete structures was conducted. Saravanan et al compared the performance of various piezoceramic smart aggregates in the strength gain and damage states of concrete [ 4 ]. Yan et al used distributive piezoceramic smart aggregates to monitor the health status of a concrete shear wall during a destructive test [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Stress Monitoring of Sand-Filled Steel Tube during Impact Using Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sensors

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The filling of thin-walled steel tubes with quartz sand can help to prevent the premature buckling of the steel tube at a low cost. During an impact, the internal stress of the quartz sand-filled steel tube column is subjected to not only axial force but also lateral confining force, resulting in complicated internal stress. A suitable sensor for monitoring the internal stress of such a structure under an impact is important for structural health monitoring. In this paper, piezoceramic Smart Aggregates (SAs) are embedded into a quartz Sand-Filled Steel Tube Column (SFSTC) to monitor the internal structural stress during impacts. The piezoceramic smart aggregates are first calibrated by an impact hammer. Tests are conducted to study the feasibility of monitoring the internal stress of a structure. The results reflect that the calibration value of the piezoceramic smart aggregate sensitivity test is in good agreement with the theoretical value, and the output voltage value of the piezoceramic smart aggregate has a good linear relationship with external forces. Impact tests are conducted on the sand-filled steel tube with embedded piezoceramic smart aggregates. By analyzing the output signal of the piezoceramic smart aggregates, the internal stress state of the structure can be obtained. Experimental results demonstrated that, under the action of impact loads, the piezoceramic smart aggregates monitor the compressive stress at different locations in the steel tube, which verifies the feasibility of using piezoceramic smart aggregate to monitor the internal stress of a structure.

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Comparative performance of various smart aggregates during strength gain and damage states of concrete

Cited by 67 publications

References 22 publications

Piezoelectric Sensor-Embedded Smart Rock for Damage Monitoring in a Prestressed Anchorage Zone

Piezoelectric Sensor-Embedded Smart Rock for Damage Monitoring in a Prestressed Anchorage Zone

A novel electromechanical impedance–based model for strength development monitoring of cementitious materials

Experimental Study on Stress Monitoring of Sand-Filled Steel Tube during Impact Using Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates

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