Comparative pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of two tylosin formulations in chickens after oral administration

Abu‐Basha, Ehab A.; Al-Shunnaq, A. F.; Gehring, Ronette

doi:10.12681/jhvms.15431

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…were 3.40 µg/ml and attained at [t max ] of 1.08 hours and was eliminated with half-lives (t 1/2β ) equal to 5.78 hours. These results are consistent with those recorded in cows [24] and some avian species [25]- [27]. The higher volume of distribution of tylosin was also recorded in chickens [2] [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Residues of Tylosin in Broiler Chickens

Soliman¹,

Sedek²

2016

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The pharmacokinetics and tissue residue of tylosin in broiler chickens were studied after I.V. and oral administrations in a dose of 50 mg tylosin/kg.b.wt. Tylosin was obeyed a two-compartment open model following I.V. administration at a dose of 50 mg/kg.b.wt. The disposition kinetics of tylosin following I.V. administration revealed that tylosin was highly distributed with Vd(area) of 6 L/kg and eliminated with half-life (t1/2β) equal to 7.29 hours. The disposition kinetics of tylosin following oral administration revealed that the maximum blood concentration (Cmax) was 3.40 µg/ml attained at (tmax) of 1.08 hour. Tylosin was eliminated with half-life (t1/2β) equal to 5.78 hours. The mean systemic bioavailability of tylosin after oral administration was 90.29%. Following repeated oral administration of 50 mg tylosin base/kg.b.wt once daily for 5 consecutive days, the blood (µg/ml) and tissue (µg/g) residues of tylosin showed that liver, kidney and lung contained the highest tylosin residues and completely disappeared from those tissues at 6 days after the last oral dose. Chickens should not be slaughtered for human consumption within the treatment and 6 days after the last oral administrations of tylosin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Residues of Tylosin in Broiler Chickens

Soliman¹,

Sedek²

2016

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“…These results are consistent with those recorded in cows and some avian species. 12,13 The mean systemic bioavailability of tylosin following oral administration was 89.16%, which higher than those reported in broiler chickens 30%. 2 Tylosin had good absorption from the GIT and no enteric coating is required to maintain the stability of the compound in the stomach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Pharmacokinetics, tissue residues and efficacy of D-Tylo50/25® (tylosin-doxycycline combination) in broiler chickens

Aboubakr

Elbadawy

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: Pharmacokinetic study of a commercial tylosin-doxycycline combination product (D-Tylo50/25®) was conducted in broiler chickens following intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration at doses of 50 mg/kgb. wt. (tylosin) and 25 mg/kg b. wt. (doxycycline).Methods: Serum drug concentrations were determined by a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using UV detection.Results: A rapid and nearly complete absorption of both drugs with a mean PO bioavailability of 89.16% (tylosin) and 94.30% (doxycycline), prolonged elimination half-lives, and high tissue penetration with steady state volume of distribution of 6.73L/kg (tylosin) and 5.51L/kg (doxycycline) were observed. Tissue residues were studied following oral administration of each drug alone for fiveconsecutive days and blood and tissue samples were obtained for 10 days after the last dose. Residues of tylosin and doxycyclines showed that kidney, liver and lung contained highest drug residues and completely disappeared from those tissues at 5 and 6 days after the last oral dose, respectively. The efficacies of D-Tylo50/25® and other antibiotics (tiamulin and oxytetracyline) were investigated in broiler chicks experimentally infected by Mycoplasma gallisepticum.Conclusions: The pharmacokinetics of both drugs was characterized by a rapid and complete absorption, extensive tissue distribution and slow elimination. D-Tylo50/25® is more effective than tiamulin and oxytetracycline against Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in broilers.

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“…Our data showed that, the oral bioavailability of TVN was moderate (53.3%), higher than that of TVN in turkey [33.84% (21)] and nearly similar to that of TVN in chickens which was 60.26, 48.39, and 63.83% (22, 24, 34), respectively. However, in broiler chickens, the oral bioavailability of tylosin was from 35.4 to 40.6% (17), 13.74 to 27.0% (18), and 90.3% (25) and 89.2% (26). The differences in kinetic parameters between TVN and tylosin might be due to the differences in the chemical structure of both drugs (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pharmacokinetics of Tylvalosin in Broiler Turkeys (Meleagris Gallopavo) After Single Intravenous and Oral Administration

2019

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Pharmacokinetics of tylvalosin (TVN) were determined in eight broiler turkeys following a single intravenous (IV) and peroral (PO) administration of 25 mg/kg b.w using a crossover design with a 3 weeks washout period. Blood samples were taken between 0.083 and 24 h following TVN administration, plasma was separated and assayed for TVN concentrations by HPLC. The non-compartmental analysis was used to analyze plasma concentration-time curves. After IV administration, the pharmacokinetic profile was best described by a two-compartment model. The mean distribution and elimination half-lives were 0.382 and 5.71 h, respectively. The distribution volume at steady state, total body clearance and mean residence time were 8.30 L/kg, 1.17 L/h, and 7.16 h, respectively. After administering orally, the mean absorption half-life and absorption time of TVN was 0.955 and 2.31 h, respectively. The peak plasma concentration was 1.08 μg/mL and achieved at 2.0 h post-administration and the bioavailability was 53.3%. The plasma protein binding percent was 13%. For a successful clinical efficacy of TVN in broiler turkeys, a dosage regimen of 25 mg/kg b.w, given orally each day is recommended to keep efficient plasma levels above the MIC for most susceptible microorganisms.

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Comparative pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of two tylosin formulations in chickens after oral administration

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Residues of Tylosin in Broiler Chickens

Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Residues of Tylosin in Broiler Chickens

Pharmacokinetics, tissue residues and efficacy of D-Tylo50/25® (tylosin-doxycycline combination) in broiler chickens

Pharmacokinetics of Tylvalosin in Broiler Turkeys (Meleagris Gallopavo) After Single Intravenous and Oral Administration

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