Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin or Florfenicol after a Single Intramuscular Administration at Two Different Doses of Tylosin-Florfenicol Combination in Pigs

Kim, Mi-Hee; Gebru, Elias; Chang, Zhiqiang; Choi, Jaeyoung; Hwang, Mi-Hyun; Kang, Eun-Hee; Lim, Jong-Hwan; Yun, Hyo-In; Park, Seung-Chun

doi:10.1292/jvms.70.99

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is longer than the values previously reported for other animal species (calf 2.24 h, buffalo 2.40 h, camel 2.73–3.71 h, pig 3.01–3.88 h, sheep 2.3–6 h, and goat 5 h) [15, 21, 24, 25]. The variability of the elimination half-lives of this antibiotic in different animal species is attributed to the anatomical and physiological differences between these species as well as to the differences in the formulation of the drug [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…It was ascertained that, following the IM administration of tylosin and the SC administration of tilmicosin, the serum concentration-time curves of both antibiotics were consistent with the two-compartment open model (Figures 1 and 2). Similarly, while the two-compartment open model has been used for calculations in previous research [16–21], it has been observed that, in studies in which a consistency analysis (based on direct observation and AIC) was not performed [8, 22–24], the noncompartmental model was used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Milk and Blood Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin and Tilmicosin following Parenteral Administrations to Cows

Avci

Elmas

2014

The Scientific World Journal

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The aim of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetics of tylosin and tilmicosin in serum and milk in healthy Holstein breed cows (n = 12) and reevaluate the amount of residue in milk. Following the intramuscular administration of tylosin, the maximum concentrations (C max) in serum and milk were found to be 1.30 ± 0.24 and 4.55 ± 0.23 µg/mL, the time required to reach the peak concentration (t max) was found to be 2nd and 4th h, and elimination half-lives (t 1/2β) were found to be 20.46 ± 2.08 and 26.36 ± 5.55 h, respectively. Following the subcutaneous administration of tilmicosin, the C max in serum and milk were found to be 0.86 ± 0.20 and 20.16 ± 1.13 µg/mL, the t max was found to be 1st and 8th h, and the t 1/2β were found to be 29.94 ± 6.65 and 43.02 ± 5.18 h, respectively. AUCmilk/AUCserum and C max-milk/C max-serum rates, which are indicators for determining the rate of drugs that pass into milk, were, respectively, calculated as 5.01 ± 0.72 and 3.61 ± 0.69 for tylosin and 23.91 ± 6.38 and 20.16 ± 1.13 for tilmicosin. In conclusion, it may be stated that milk concentration of tylosin after parenteral administration is higher than expected like tilmicosin and needs more withdrawal period for milk than reported.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk and Blood Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin and Tilmicosin following Parenteral Administrations to Cows

Avci

Elmas

2014

The Scientific World Journal

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“…We have previously reported the intramuscular (IM) pharmacokinetics of the combination in pigs [13]. In the present study, we evaluated the disposition kinetics of florfenicol and tylosin after intravenous (IV) and IM injection of the combination product to dogs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of a Florfenicol-Tylosin Combination after Intravenous and Intramuscular Administration to Beagle Dogs

Kim

Gebru

Lee

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. A pharmacokinetic study of a commercial florfenicol-tylosin (2:1) combination product was conducted in six beagle dogs after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration at doses of 10 mg/kg (florfenicol) and 5 mg/kg (tylosin). Serum drug concentrations were determined by a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using UV detection. A rapid and nearly complete absorption of both drugs with a mean IM bioavailability of 103.9% (florfenicol) and 92.6% (tylosin), prolonged elimination halflife, and high tissue penetration with steady state volume of distribution of 2.63 l/kg (florfenicol) and 1.98 l/kg (tylosin) were observed. Additional studies, including pharmacodynamic and toxicological evaluation are required before recommendations can be made regarding the clinical application of the product in dogs.

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“…It is worth noting that the number of applications was half that used by Marsteller et al (2001), which demonstrates clear practical advantage based on the time spent with handling animal medication. With respect to the active principle used for the treatment of PPE in the present study, tylosin is a macrolide, bacteriostatic agent that can act as a bactericide when in high concentrations (Kim et al 2008). Macrolides bind to the subunit (50s) of the bacterial ribosome by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis (Barcellos et al 2012).…”

Section: Table 2 Comparison Between Mean Weight Of Animals In the Comentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Among them, tylosin, chlortetracycline, and tiamulin are the most frequently used (Burch 2000). Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis (Kim et al 2008), acting as a bacteriostatic agent, and may also act as a bactericide when used in high concentrations (Barcellos et al 2012). McOrist et al (1997) demonstrated that in-feed tylosin phosphate is effective in the prevention and treatment of PPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tylosin injectable for the treatment of porcine proliferative enteropathy in experimentally inoculated pigs

et al. 2019

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Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) is one of the most common enteric diseases in growing and finishing pigs. PPE is characterized by reduced growth performance, accompanied or not by diarrhea. PPE is highly prevalent in several countries of the Americas, Europe and Asia, causing high economic losses in swine herds. The most common form of PPE control in pigs is antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new product based on tylosin injectable (Eurofarma Laboratórios S.A.) to control PPE in experimentally inoculated animals. Sixty 5-week-old pigs with mean weight of 9.5kg were divided into two experimental groups of 30 animals: medication and control. All pigs were challenged with Lawsonia intracellularis, the etiologic agent of PPE, on day zero. Fecal score, body condition score, and behavior were daily evaluated. Pigs were weighted on days -2, 13 and 21 of the experiment. Pigs in the Medication Group received tylosin injectable 13 days after inoculation, in three doses with a 12-hour interval between them. Pigs in the Control Group received injectable saline solution following the same protocol. In the Control Group, 23pigs presented with diarrhea before day 13. After day 13, the number of diarrheic animals in this group was reduced to 17. In the Medication Group, 26 pigs presented with diarrhea in the initial period, and in the period after medication, only 11 animals had diarrhea. The score of gross intestinal PPE lesions in the Medication Group was lower than that in the Control Group (p=0.031). The Medication Group also showed lower score for Lawsonia intracellularis antigen-labeling by immunohistochemistry compared with that of the Control Group (p=0.032), showing lower level of infection. These results demonstrate that tylosin injectable (Eurofarma Laboratórios S.A.), administrated in three doses (1mL/20kg) every 12 hours, was effective for the control of PPE in experimentally inoculated pigs.

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Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin or Florfenicol after a Single Intramuscular Administration at Two Different Doses of Tylosin-Florfenicol Combination in Pigs

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Milk and Blood Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin and Tilmicosin following Parenteral Administrations to Cows

Milk and Blood Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin and Tilmicosin following Parenteral Administrations to Cows

Pharmacokinetics of a Florfenicol-Tylosin Combination after Intravenous and Intramuscular Administration to Beagle Dogs

Tylosin injectable for the treatment of porcine proliferative enteropathy in experimentally inoculated pigs

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