Comparative Physiology of the Kidney

Dantzler, William H.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp080111

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 260 publications

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“…Their capacity of responding to fluctuations in environmental osmolarity is very restricted (cf. Dantzler, 1988). Accordingly, myxinoids must either have lost their osmoregulatory potential at some point in their evolution or they have always lacked this attribute.…”

Section: Physiological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

The origin of vertebrates: a hypothesis based on kidney development

Ditrich

2007

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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The habitat of the earliest vertebrates (craniates) is still being debated. Marine as well as freshwater habitats and anadromous behaviour have been proposed. In contrast, an estuarine origin of vertebrates is suggested here, based on ontogenetic, comparative anatomical and functional data. This approach should resolve inconsistencies between the probable existence of glomeruli in the vertebrate ancestors and the marine habitat of all related extant groups (e.g. urochordates and cephalochordates). The kidney, as the main osmoregulatory organ, must have been developed according to the environmental prerequisites even in stem vertebrates. In the absence of fossil evidence only deductions from contemporary animals are possible. These data indicate that ancestral stem vertebrates probably had well-developed glomeruli, and were capable of at least some ion-exchange between urine and the body. However, they were probably unable to cope with a strong osmotic gradient with respect to their environment. The conclusion is that these animals were osmoconformers at around 300-350 mOsm and therefore were restricted to brackish water.

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Section: Physiological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

The origin of vertebrates: a hypothesis based on kidney development

Ditrich

2007

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Neuroendocrine Regulation of Hydromineral Homeostasis

Mecawi

Ruginsk

Elias

et al. 2015

Comprehensive Physiology

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Since the crucial evolutionary change from an aqueous to a terrestrial environment, all living organisms address the primordial task of equilibrating the ingestion/production of water and electrolytes (primarily sodium) with their excretion. In mammals, the final route for the excretion of these elements is mainly through the kidneys, which can eliminate concentrated or diluted urine according to the requirements. Despite their primary role in homeostasis, the kidneys are not able to recover water and solutes lost through other systems. Therefore, the selective stimulation or inhibition of motivational and locomotor behavior becomes essential to initiate the search and acquisition of water and/or sodium from the environment. Indeed, imbalances affecting the osmolality and volume of body fluids are dramatic challenges to the maintenance of hydromineral homeostasis. In addition to behavioral changes, which are integrated in the central nervous system, most of the systemic responses recruited to restore hydroelectrolytic balance are accomplished by coordinated actions of the cardiovascular, autonomic and endocrine systems, which determine the appropriate renal responses. The activation of sequential and redundant mechanisms (involving local and systemic factors) produces accurate and self-limited effector responses. From a physiological point of view, understanding the mechanisms underlying water and sodium balance is intriguing and of great interest for the biomedical sciences. Therefore, the present review will address the biophysical, evolutionary and historical perspectives concerning the integrative neuroendocrine control of hydromineral balance, focusing on the major neural and endocrine systems implicated in the control of water and sodium balance.

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Lithium transport in the chicken and marine teleost kidney

IuV

1996

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology

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Comparative Physiology of the Kidney

Abstract: The sections in this article are: Morphological Relationships Initial Process in Urine Formation Filtration of Fluid by Glomeruli Regulation of Number of Filtering Nephrons and of SNGFR Secretion of Fluid by Tubules Transport of Inorganic Ions By Tubules … Show more

Cited by 4 publications

References 260 publications

The origin of vertebrates: a hypothesis based on kidney development

The origin of vertebrates: a hypothesis based on kidney development

Neuroendocrine Regulation of Hydromineral Homeostasis

Lithium transport in the chicken and marine teleost kidney

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