Comparative proteome analysis of tracheal tissues in response to infectious bronchitis coronavirus, Newcastle disease virus, and avian influenza virus H9 subtype virus infection

Abstract

Infectious bronchitis coronavirus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV) H9 subtype are major pathogens of chickens causing serious respiratory tract disease and heavy economic losses. To better understand the replication features of these viruses in their target organs and molecular pathogenesis of these different viruses, comparative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the proteome changes of primary target organ during IBV, NDV, and AIV H9 infections, using 2D-DIGE followed MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. In total, 44, 39, 41, 48, and 38 proteins were identified in the tracheal tissues of the chickens inoculated with IBV (ck/CH/LDL/97I, H120), NDV (La Sota), and AIV H9, and between ck/CH/LDL/97I and H120, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis showed that IBV, NDV, and AIV H9 induced similar core host responses involved in biosynthetic, catabolic, metabolic, signal transduction, transport, cytoskeleton organization, macromolecular complex assembly, cell death, response to stress, and immune system process. Comparative analysis of host response induced by different viruses indicated differences in protein expression changes induced by IBV, NDV, and AIV H9 may be responsible for the specific pathogenesis of these different viruses. Our result reveals specific host response to IBV, NDV, and AIVH9 infections and provides insights into the distinct pathogenic mechanisms of these avian respiratory viruses.

Effects of hypervariable regions in spike protein on pathogenicity, tropism, and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus

“…Vero cells were seeded in 24-well plates (Corning) and infected with each separate strain at an MOI of 1. In the adsorption and internalization stage, total RNA was extracted from the cells, before storing at −80°C for the subsequent quantification of viral loads, as described previously (Liu et al, 2006a;Sun et al, 2014). Three replicates were analyzed for each sample.…”

Proteome analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)‐infected Vero cells

“…Emerging technologies, such as proteomic approaches, have become important tools for facilitating a comprehensive characterization of virus–host interactions involved in infection and pathogenesis . Several quantitative proteomics approaches have been used to provide specific insights into the gene expression profiles of coronaviruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) , infectious bronchitis coronavirus , and transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus . Generally, in host cells coronavirus infection gives rise to alterations in transcriptional patterns, the cell cycle, the cytoskeleton, apoptosis pathways, the immune system, stress responses, and likely also causes inflammation .…”

Chicken galectin-1B inhibits Newcastle disease virus adsorption and replication through binding to hemagglutinin–neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein

“…La Sota is a lentogenic NDV strain that only replicates in the respiratory tract and induces no apparent clinical signs. In our previous work, we found that the expression of CG-1B was up-regulated in the trachea after infecting with La Sota at 7 and 12 dpi, while the presence of virus was undetectable since 12 dpi (25). The upregulation of CG-1B may contribute to the virus clearance, as we have clearly demonstrated that CG-1B can inhibit the adsorption and replication of NDV in vitro (Fig.…”

“…So far, the contributions of host factors during the course of NDV infection remain largely unknown. Our previous proteomics analyses have shown that the abundance of chicken galectin (CG)-1B is up-regulated in the trachea of NDV-infected chickens, the primary target organ for this virus (25). In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that CG-1B directly bound to NDV and inhibited its hemagglutination (HA) activity in vitro.…”

“…In our previous study, we found that the abundance of CG-1B in chicken tracheal tissue was increased after inoculation with lentogenic NDV La Sota (25). In this study, the viral loads in various tissue samples of chickens infected with velogenic NDV F48E9 were determined by real-time RT-PCR.…”