Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides New Insights into the Fiber Elongating Process in Cotton

Abstract

A comparative proteomic analysis was performed to explore the mechanism of cell elongation in developing cotton fibers. The temporal changes of global proteomes at five representative development stages (5-25 days post-anthesis [dpa]) were examined using 2-D electrophoresis. Among approximately 1800 stained protein spots reproducibly detected on each gel, 235 spots were differentially expressed with significant dynamics in elongating fibers. Of these, 120 spots showed a more than 2-fold change in at least one stage point, and 21 spots appeared to be specific to developmental stages. Furthermore, 106 differentially expressed proteins were identified from mass spectrometry to match 66 unique protein species. These proteins involve different cellular and metabolic processes with obvious functional tendencies toward energy/carbohydrate metabolism, protein turnover, cytoskeleton dynamics, cellular responses and redox homeostasis, indicating a good correlation between development-dependent proteins and fiber biochemical processes, as well as morphogenesis. Newly identified proteins such as phospholipase D alpha, vf14-3-3 protein, small ras-related protein, and GDP dissociation inhibitor will advance our knowledge of the complicated regulatory network. Identification of these proteins, combined with their changes in abundance, provides a global view of the development-dependent protein changes in cotton fibers, and offers a framework for further functional research of target proteins associated with fiber development.

Genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of the phospholipase D gene family in Gossypium arboreum

“…In Arabidopsis, PA could function as a signal to activate the NADPH-oxidase and lead to the ROS production (Zhang et al, 2009). Consistent with the previous proteomic analysis, our results indicated that GaPLD1 was highly expressed in fibers at 20 DPA, H 2 O 2 level of which was at the peak (Potikha et al, 1999;Yang et al, 2008b), and suggested that GaPLD1 might participate in signal transduction for the release of ROS via activation of NADPH-oxidase in elongating fiber cells. The other fiber-related GaPLD gene, GaPLD2, might also be associated with ROS.…”

“…In the previous proteomic studies, PLDs were proposed to be involved in cotton fiber development. The PLD proteins began to accumulate during the rapid fiber elongation, and reached up to a peak simultaneously with the initiation of second cell wall synthesis (Hu et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2008b). Moreover, consistent with the PLD protein expression profile, the PA content was low in the elongating fibers and high in the mature ones (Wanjie et al, 2005).…”

“…For GaPLD1, its expression pattern was obviously correspond to dynamics of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in differentiating cotton fibers (Yang et al, 2008b). There were some evidences that ROS may function as a developmental signal in the differentiation of secondary walls in cotton (Potikha et al, 1999).…”

Comparative Proteomics Indicates That Biosynthesis of Pectic Precursors Is Important for Cotton Fiber and Arabidopsis Root Hair Elongation

“…However, even this group did not produce full-length cotton cDNAs to reconfirm the identified proteins, whereas all the currently identified proteins, except for ␣-1,4-glucan phosphorylase (spot 22), were confirmed by putative full-length cotton cDNAs (Table I). As shown in supplemental Table 4, no significant qualitative difference was observed when comparing the current proteome with that reported by Yang et al (40) and Zhao et al (39), who both used a modified protein extraction protocol (41). The Ligon lintless (Li 1 ) mutant and the fl mutant were used by Zhao et al (39) and in the current work, respectively, to elucidate fiber growth mechanisms.…”

“…Two previous cotton fiber proteomes (18,40) identified proteins by searching the database against known polypeptides or ESTs in all plant species or other organisms. Another group used a locally constructed 376,100 Gossypium EST database to search for cotton polypeptides (39).…”