Comparative studies exhaust emissions of the Euro VI buses with diesel engine and spark-ignition engine CNG fuelled in real traffic conditions

Abstract

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Understanding the effects of traffic congestion on emissions from urban buses. An integrated approach incorporating real-world emissions, naturalistic driving profiles, and city traffic sensor data

“…In Figure 6.7b, it can be clearly seen that the NOx emissions of the CNG bus are lower than those of the diesel bus for all traffic scenarios. These results confirm the benefits of the low-NOx emissions from the CNG buses and the low-CO2 emissions from the diesel buses as reported in previous bus studies (Alam & Hatzopoulou, 2014a;Gis, 2017;Guo et al, 2014;Shaojun Zhang, Wu, Hu, et al, 2014).…”

“…However, this CO2 difference between the both types of buses was not statistically significant. On the other hand, the values of CO2 emission-factors for the tested buses were higher than those reported by the previous CNG bus studies (e.g., Euro V (Guo et al, 2014), and Euro VI (Gis, 2017)), and diesel bus studies (e.g., Euro V (Guo et al, 2014;Oprešnik et al, 2018), and Euro VI (Söderena et al, 2018)).…”

“…No previous research has combined the data from OBD systems and PEMSs to develop transient engine maps for evaluating the fuel efficiency and emissions levels of buses under real-world operating conditions. The engine map approach was used in certain parts of bus studies by Mata et al (Mata et al, 2016) and Gis et al (Gis, 2017). The main limitation of these works was that the OBD systems data was unavailable.…”

“…Nylund et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2012), Euro IV (A. Wang et al, 2011), Euro V (Guo et al, 2014;Oprešnik et al, 2018), and Euro VI (Gis, 2017)) and diesel urban buses (Euro V (Guo et al, 2014;Shaojun Zhang, Wu, Hu, et al, 2014) and Euro VI (Gis, 2017)). It is worth noting that this section presents another performance comparison between the diesel and CNG buses based on the VSP approach (values expressed in kW/t) in Subsection 5.5.…”

“…Subsequently, Spreen et al(Spreen, Vonk, Vermeulen, Zuidgeest, & Baarbé, 2014), Vermeulen et al(Vermeulen, Gijlswijk, & Goethem, 2018), and Sowman et al(Sowman et al, 2018) analysed the real-world NOx emissions from Euro VI and Euro V diesel buses in urban conditions. Recently, Gis et al(Gis, 2017) compared the emissions between CNG and diesel Euro VI articulated buses, and Grigoratos et al(Grigoratos, Fontaras, Giechaskiel, & Zacharof, 2019) examined the real-world emissions in a long-distance Euro VI diesel bus. Armas et al(Armas, Lapuerta, & Mata, 2012) conducted other important research on buses in Europe.…”