Comparative Studies on Effects of Incomplete Oil Adjuvants With Different Physical Properties

Goto, Nobuichi

doi:10.7883/yoken1952.31.53

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In our study, microabscesses were occasionally found after injection of the Alum-TT. This might be attributable to our findings that phagocytosed aluminum grains rarely caused death of the neutrophils, unlike the aseptic suppuration in the case of oil adjuvant, that infiltration of neutrophils in response to aluminum adjuvant was weaker than that in response to oil adjuvant (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Histopathological Studies of Reactions in Mice Injected with Aluminum‐Adsorbed Tetanus Toxoid

Goto

Akama

1982

Microbiology and Immunology

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Histopathological observations of changes at the injection site in mice were made for 20 weeks after a single intramuscular (im) injection of aluminum hydroxide-adsorbed tetanus toxoid (Alum-TT), plain tetanus toxoid (TT), or aluminum adjuvant (Alum alone). Marked injury to muscle fibers and infiltration of neutrophils around the aluminum remnants were observed, and some microabscesses were occasionally formed, after im injection of Alum-TT. Some mature alum-granulomas were seen in the Alum-TT group, while the Alum alone group had only a few immature alum-granulomas. The TT group showed only slight injury to muscle fibers and acute inflammation at an early stage. In the Alum-TT group, well-developed lymphoid tissues and granulomatous lesions were still observable even 20 weeks after the injection; however, these changes had already diminished in the Alum alone group by that time. These findings could serve as good models for undesirable local reactions to aluminum-adjuvanted vaccines.With the improvement in vaccines and progress in antigen purification techniques, there is a growing need for an appropriate adjuvant which effectively potentiates the immune response and exhibits minimum or no side reactions in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Histopathological Studies of Reactions in Mice Injected with Aluminum‐Adsorbed Tetanus Toxoid

Goto

Akama

1982

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Historically, significant species differences were observed in the adjuvanticity of oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, and changes in both the structure and size of the particles comprising the emulsions have been shown to influence the type of immune response elicited. 35,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] In this regard, syringe-extrusion, high-speed homogenization and sonication lead to emulsions with markedly different physical structures. The particles generated by the later two techniques are much smaller than those generated by syringe-extrusion, and the M. tuberculosis and antigen are localized on the surface of the particles as compared to being within the particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Analysis of the Influence of Neuroantigen-Complete Freund's Adjuvant Emulsion Structures on the Sexual Dimorphism and Susceptibility to Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis

Fillmore

Brace

Troutman

et al. 2003

The American Journal of Pathology

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The induction of organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) the principal animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), relies on the use of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) emulsions. In this study we report that the physical structure of the particles comprising neuroantigen-CFA emulsions significantly influences the genetic control of the incidence and sexual dimorphism seen in EAE. Immunization of (B10.S/SgMcdJ x SJL/J) F(2) mice segregating the quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling EAE in susceptible SJL/J and resistant B10.S/SgMcdJ mice with emulsions consisting of particles where the Mycobacterium tuberculosis and neuroantigens are localized on the phase surfaces led to severe EAE in 98.8% of the mice, overriding all sex-specific and non-sex-specific genetic checkpoints. In contrast, F(2) mice immunized with emulsions where the bacterial products and encephalitogens are buried inside the water/oil vesicles exhibited a significant reduction in disease incidence (7.5%) and a sexual dimorphism (5% male versus 10% female). A genome scan identified QTL on chromosomes 7 and 11 controlling the sexual dimorphism as a function of the physical structure of the emulsion. The chromosome 11 QTL co-localizes with eae6b, and with Il12b and heptatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (Havcr2, formerly known as Timd3), both of which are candidate genes for this QTL. Sequence analysis of the SJL/J and B10.S/SgMcdJ alleles indicates that both gene products are structurally monomorphic. Expression analysis also excluded both as candidates for this sex-specific QTL. These results reinforce the importance of gene-environment interactions in initiating and propagating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, particularly in the context of susceptibility to MS and disease heterogeneity.

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Rabbit granulomatous enterocolitis induced by injection of muramyl dipeptide emulsified with Freund's incomplete adjuvant

et al. 1995

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We induced granulomatous enterocolitis in rabbits by injecting them with muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a subunit of the peptidoglycan polymers that endow the bacterial cell wall with structural rigidity, emulsified with Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA). Injections of 0.1 ml of a water-in-oil emulsion of MDP and FIA were given submucosally at six sites in the rectum and colon, 10 cm proximal to the anus, using a flexible endoscope. Four rabbits each were sacrificed 1, 2, and 4 weeks after a single injection of the emulsion. Another 4 rabbits each were injected six times at 1- and 2-week intervals, and were sacrificed 1 and 2 weeks after the last injection of the emulsion, respectively. In all 20 rabbits, injected with the MDP emulsion, histological findings of the colon consisted of cellular infiltrations of plasma cells and lymphocytes, granulomatous lesions, and granulomas, although the findings differed in degree. Cellular infiltration in hyperplastic villi and denuded epithelia of the small intestine were seen in 2 of 8 rabbits repeated that received MDP emulsion injections. The histological changes in this animal model may be useful for studying the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease in humans.

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Comparative Studies on Effects of Incomplete Oil Adjuvants With Different Physical Properties

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Histopathological Studies of Reactions in Mice Injected with Aluminum‐Adsorbed Tetanus Toxoid

Histopathological Studies of Reactions in Mice Injected with Aluminum‐Adsorbed Tetanus Toxoid

Genetic Analysis of the Influence of Neuroantigen-Complete Freund's Adjuvant Emulsion Structures on the Sexual Dimorphism and Susceptibility to Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis

Rabbit granulomatous enterocolitis induced by injection of muramyl dipeptide emulsified with Freund's incomplete adjuvant

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