Comparative Studies on the Microbiology of Four Moorland Soils in the Northern Pennines

Latter, P. M.; Cragg, J. B.; Heal, O. W.

doi:10.2307/2257887

Cited by 82 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The species has been isolated from soil in the Makalu mountain region of Nepal (JaneEkovi et al 1977). Latter et al (1967) reported the species (as "unidentified white sporing species A") from limestone grassland, Juncus moor, mixed moor, and bare peat habitats at Moor House, England. Flanagan and Scarborough (1974) short branches from the aerial mycelium; or frequently with phialides borne on undifferentiated aerial hyphae.…”

Section: Key To the Species Of Tolypocladiurnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Notes on Tolypocladium and related genera

Bissett¹

1983

Can. J. Bot.

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The hyphomycete genus Tolypocladium W. Gams is compared with similar genera possessing swollen phialides and amerosporous conidia borne in slimy heads. Tolypocladium niveum (O. Rostrup) comb. nov. is proposed as the correct name for the type species. Cephalosporium balanoides Dreschler and Verticillium microsporum Jaap are redisposed in Tolypocladium, and two new species of Tolypocladium are described from tundra soils.

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Section: Key To the Species Of Tolypocladiurnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these strains were not N.W.T., Canada. Latter et al (1967) reported the sufficiently distinct morphologically to warrant taxo-species (as "unidentified white sporing species B") from nomic separation from the soil isolates.…”

Section: Key To the Species Of Tolypocladiurnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on Tolypocladium and related genera

Bissett¹

1983

Can. J. Bot.

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“…It has long been suggested that fungi are the principal decomposer microbes in many acidic ecosystems, such as many peatlands, and assume a more dominant role than bacteria (Kox 1954;Latter et al 1967;Williams and Crawford 1983). Several recent studies focused on the mineralization of C to produce CH 4 (Bubier et al 1993;Roulet et al 1993), likely because CH 4 has greater global warming potential than CO 2 (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2001); however, CO 2 fluxes quantitatively far exceed CH 4 fluxes from peatlands (Blodau 2002;Blodau and Moore 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Diversity and function of fungi in peatlands: A carbon cycling perspective

Thormann¹

2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

163

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Thormann, M. N. 2006. Diversity and function of fungi in peatlands: A carbon cycling perspective. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 281-293. Peatlands are a dominant landform in the northern hemisphere, accumulating carbon in the form of peat due to an imbalance between decomposition and plant production rates. Decomposer (saprobes) and mycorrhizal fungi significantly influence carbon dynamics by degrading organic matter via the synthesis of extracellular enzymes. As organic matter decomposes, litter quality variables figure most prominently in the succession of fungi. Hence, litters composed primarily of complex polymers decompose very slowly. Surprisingly, recalcitrant polymer degraders (mostly basidiomycetes) are rarely isolated from peat, which may explain the accumulation of complex polymers in peat profiles. While enzymatic profiles of mycorrhizal fungi and other root endophytes may be more limited compared with saprobes, many of these fungi can degrade polymers of varying complexity as well and hence may also be significant decomposers of organic matter. To date, anamorphic ascomycetes and zygomycetes are the most frequently isolated fungi from peatlands (63 and 10% of all taxa, respectively), and chytridiomycetes, teleomorphic ascomycetes, and basidiomycetes appear to be less common (11% of all taxa). The remaining 16% of taxa remain unidentified or are sterile taxa. How disturbances affect peatland microbial communities and their roles is virtually unknown. This aspect of peatland microbial ecology requires immediate attention. The objective of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge of the diversity of fungi and their roles in carbon cycling dynamics in peatlands. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 281-293. Les tourbières figurent parmi les principales formes de relief dans l'hémisphère nord. Elles accumulent du carbone sous la forme de tourbe, produit du déséquilibre entre le taux de décomposition et le taux de production des végétaux. Les microorganismes décomposeurs (saprobiontes) et les champignons des mycorhizes ont une action considérable sur la dynamique du carbone, car ils dégradent la matière organique par la synthèse d'enzymes extracellulaires. Lorsque la matière organique se décompose, ce sont les paramètres qualitatifs des détritus végétaux qui commandent le plus la succession de champignons. C'est pourquoi les débris essentiellement composés de polymères complexes se décomposent très lentement. Pourtant, il est surprenant qu'on isole si rarement les saprobiontes des polymères récalcitrants (surtout des basidiomycètes) de la tourbe, ce qui expliquerait l'accumulation de polymères complexes dans cette dernière. Bien que le profil enzymatique des champignons des mycorhizes et d'autres endophytes des racines soit plus étroit que celui des saprobiontes, bon nombre de ces champignons dégradent aussi des polymères de complexité variable. Ils pourraient donc être d'importants décomposeurs de la matière organique. Jusqu'à présent, les champignons qu'on retrouve le plus souvent dans les tourbières sont des a...

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“…As will be discussed in more detail below, fungus is an important agent in the development of degraded wood and maceral assemblages. In modern peats, aerobic bacterial and fungal activity decreases within a meter of the surface as pore waters become anoxic (Baker, 1970;Bradley, 1966Bradley, , 1970Bradley, , 1973Given et al, 1983;Latter et al, 1967;Schopf, 1952;Visser, 1964;Waksman, 1944;Waksman and Stevens, 1929;Wüst et al, 2001). Among others, Graham (1962), Pirozynski (1976), Stubblefield and Taylor (1988), Dix and Webster (1995), Pfister (1997), Volk (2001), Carlile et al (2001), Lutzoni et al (2004), Webster and Weber (2007), and Taylor et al (2009) have discussed fungus form and function.…”

Section: Secretinite Following the Classification Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are an estimated 3.5 × 10 9 bacteria/cm 3 and 600 m of fungal mycelium/cm 3 in a mixed moor (transitional mire) peat (Latter et al, 1967) and up to 2 km of fungal mycelium/cm 3 in a forest soil (Read and Boyd, 1986). The absence of fungal hyphae in coal is not necessarily an indication of the lack of fungal activity.…”

Section: Secretinite Following the Classification Bymentioning

confidence: 99%