Comparative study of alkaline water electrolysis, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis through multiphysics modeling

Hu, Kewei; Fang, Jiakun; Ai, Xiaomeng; Huang, Danji; Zhong, Zhiyao; Yang, Xiaobo; Wang, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118788

Cited by 106 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It is worth noticing that this approach is valid under the consideration that the contribution to the overall cell potential can be separated into individual components as implied in eq 1 and previous studies. 51,55 Based on this, the anode and cathode contribution can be evaluated independently, and the cell potential is a result of individual contributions as seen in Figure 4a. Therefore, a predefined target current density would require larger E cell when Mo-based MEAs are used when compared to Pt/C MEA due to the additional η kin,cat (Figure 4b).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking Molybdenum-Based Materials as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis: Can These Compete with Pt?

García

Perivoliotis

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a promising technology to produce high-purity renewable hydrogen gas. However, its operation efficiency is highly dependent on the usage of expensive noble metals as electrocatalysts. Replacing, decreasing, or simply extending the operational lifetime of these precious metals have a positive impact on the hydrogen economy. Mo-based electrocatalysts are often praised as potential materials to replace the Pt used at the cathode to catalyse the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Most electrocatalytic studies are performed in traditional three-electrode cells with different operational conditions than those seen in PEM systems, making it difficult to predict the expected material’s performance under industrially relevant conditions. Therefore, we investigated the viability of using three selected Mo-based nanomaterials (1T′-MoS2, Co-MoS2, and β-Mo2C) as HER electrocatalysts in PEMWE systems. We investigated the effects of replacing Pt on the catalyst loading, charge transfer resistance, kinetics, operational stability, and hydrogen production efficiency during the PEMWE operation. In addition, we developed a methodology to identify the individual contribution of the anode and cathode kinetics in a PEMWE system, allowing to detect the cause behind the performance drop when using Mo-based electrocatalysts. Our results indicate that the electrochemical performance in three-electrode cells might not strictly predict the performance that could be achieved in PEMWE cells due to differences in interfaces and porosity of the macroscopic catalyst layers. Among the catalysts studied, 1T′-MoS2 is truly an excellent candidate to replace Pt as an HER electrocatalyst due to its low overpotential, low charge transfer resistance, and excellent durability, reaching a high efficiency of ∼75% at 1 A cm–2 and 1.94 V. Our study highlights the importance of a continuous development of efficient noble-metal free HER electrocatalysts suitable for PEMWE systems.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking Molybdenum-Based Materials as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis: Can These Compete with Pt?

García

Perivoliotis

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The rapid consumption of non-renewable fossil energy and the accompanying environmental problems affect the development of society . The use of solar energy, wind, hydraulic, and other renewable energies to produce hydrogen by electrolysis of water to achieve green and low-carbon hydrogen energy acquisition has increasingly become a hot spot of concern. − The crucial cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of water electrolysis involves the Volmer step (H 3 O + + e – → H* + H 2 O) and the subsequent Heyrovsky step (H* + H 3 O + + e – → H 2 + H 2 O) or Tafel step (H* + H* → H 2 ) . Since Pt has a low H* adsorption energy (Δ G H* ) and can remain stable in strong acid media, carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles (Pt/C) are commercially used as HER catalysts in proton exchange membrane (PEM) water splitting systems .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Acid Hydrogen Evolution of Neighboring Pt Single Atoms and Clusters: Understanding Their Superior Activity and Mechanism

et al. 2023

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The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) involves two-step elementary reactions, providing an opportunity to establish dual-site synergistic catalysts. This work demonstrates carbon-supported Pt single atoms and clusters (Pt1+Cs-NPC) as an efficient catalyst for acidic HER, which exhibits an ultralow Tafel slope of 12.5 mV/dec and an overpotential of 24 mV at 10 mA/cm2 with an ultralow platinum content of 3.8 wt %. The Pt mass activity and turnover frequency (TOF) are 10.2 times and 5.4 times that of commercial Pt/C, respectively. The density functional theory (DFT) study shows that the Pt cluster regulates the electronic state structure of the adjacent Pt single atom, so that the ΔG H* at the Pt1 site approaches 0. Moreover, the DFT study confirms that Pt clusters and neighboring Pt single atoms can synergistically catalyze the Tafel step and reduce the energy barrier in forming the H–H bond. At the same time, the platinum cluster reduces the energy barrier of the nearby platinum single-atom site to the Heyrovsky step and accelerates the reaction with hydrated hydrogen ions. Studies have shown that platinum clusters and platinum single-atom composite loading structures exhibit excellent activity for the Volmer–Tafel or Volmer–Heyrovsky reaction paths of HER reactions. This work provides a clear understanding of the synergistic effect of Pt1+Cs-NPC, which provides guidance for developing efficient HER catalysts.

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“…PEMWE can be operated at a high current density that enables high hydrogen production rate [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], and quickly starts or stops, which fits well with intermittent renewable energy sources [ 27 ]. Therefore, a lot of researchers have paid attention to PEMWE technology and targeted at its commercialization, due to its advantages compared to other hydrogen production techniques [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Performance and Kinetic Differences between Various Anode Electrodes in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Cell

Kang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Materials

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The electrode, as one of the most critical components in a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) cell for hydrogen production, has a significant impact on cell performance. Electrodes that are fabricated via various techniques may exhibit different morphologies or properties, which might change the kinetics and resistances of the PEMWE. In this study, we have successfully fabricated several electrodes by different techniques, and the effects of electrode coating methods (ultrasonic spray, blade coating, and rod coating), hot press, and decal transfer processes are comprehensively investigated. The performance differences between various electrodes are due to kinetic or high frequency resistance changes, while the influences are not significant, with the biggest deviation of about 26 mV at 2.0 A cm−2. In addition, the effects of catalyst ink compositions, including ionomer to catalyst ratio (0.1 to 0.3), water to alcohol ratio (1:1 to 3:1), and catalyst weight percentage (10% to 30%), are also studied, and the electrodes’ performance variations are less than 10 mV at 2.0 A cm−2. The results show that the PEMWE electrode has superior compatibility and redundancy, which demonstrates the high flexibility of the electrode and its applicability for large-scale manufacturing.

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Comparative study of alkaline water electrolysis, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis through multiphysics modeling

Cited by 106 publications

References 43 publications

Benchmarking Molybdenum-Based Materials as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis: Can These Compete with Pt?

Benchmarking Molybdenum-Based Materials as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis: Can These Compete with Pt?

Synergistic Acid Hydrogen Evolution of Neighboring Pt Single Atoms and Clusters: Understanding Their Superior Activity and Mechanism

Studying Performance and Kinetic Differences between Various Anode Electrodes in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Cell

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