Comparative study of cholinergic and oxidative stress biomarkers in brains of diabetic and hypercholesterolemic rats

Hegazy, Amany M.; Abdel-Azeem, Amal S.; Shahy, Eman M.; El-Sayed, E. M.

doi:10.1177/0960327115583361

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…On the occasion of memory impairment, an important parameter to be evaluated is the activity of AChE. This enzyme regulates the concentration of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, being involved in memory and learning processes, as well as sensitivity and responsiveness to CNS disorders (Hegazy et al, 2016). We found that the AChE activity in the cortex did not significantly differ among the groups, in agreement with previous results with hyperlipidemic rats from our laboratory (Ruchel et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Tucumã ( Astrocaryum aculeatum ) prevents memory loss and oxidative imbalance in the brain of rats with hyperlipidemia

et al. 2021

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Hyperlipidemia generates deposition of lipids, inflammation, and oxidative damage in cells and tissues, including those of the brain. Tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) fruits contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We evaluated the action of Tucumã extract on memory and brain cortex redox balance in hyperlipidemic rats. For 30 days, Wistar rats received Tucumã extract (250 mg/kg). Then, hyperlipidemia was induced by intraperitoneal administration of Poloxamer-407. Twenty-four hours later, the object recognition index was measured. The animals were euthanized for sample collection 36 hr postinduction.Hyperlipidemic animals showed memory loss and an imbalance between reactive species and intrinsic antioxidants. We found that Tucumã prevented memory loss and protein and lipid oxidative damage and prompted a better antioxidant response in the cerebral cortex of rats with hyperlipidemia. These findings suggest a neuroprotective effect and nutraceutical potential of Tucumã. Practical applicationsIn the present work, we demonstrated that induced hyperlipidemia in rats caused memory loss and redox unbalance, both factors prevented by the administration of Tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) extract. Two aims were fulfilled with these results.The first was to show that hyperlipidemia affected brain function through oxidative damage and concerned basic research. The second was to offer a therapy that prevented this harm and could be applied in the clinic. Tucumã has ethnopharmacological importance through the consumption of fruits or the administration of extracts and oils by a population that was shown to enjoy improved health and longevity.Here, we show evidence that Tucumã contributes to the maintenance of brain health by preventing memory loss and oxidative damage, a nutraceutical supplement that may aid the prevention of vascular, inflammatory, and brain diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Tucumã ( Astrocaryum aculeatum ) prevents memory loss and oxidative imbalance in the brain of rats with hyperlipidemia

et al. 2021

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“…The mechanism of increased ChE activity in diabetic patients is not fully clear at present. Usually, diabetic patients have high oxidative stress indices in the blood which might be accompanied with cholinergic dysfunction 1,[33][34][35] It is possible; therefore, that oxidative stress status in the patients is the contributing factor to such an enzymatic change. Correspondingly, experimentally induced oxidative stress in 2-week old chicks was found to increase the susceptibility of the animals to organophosphate poisoning, which acts primarily to inhibit cholinesterases in the neuronal tissues, neuromuscular junctions as well in the plasma and erythrocytes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 Further evidences in rats suggest a modulatory role of oxidative stress on ChE activity. 35 Induction of free oxygen radicals can increase the toxicity of pesticides including the organophosphates. 36 Erythrocyte membranes are sensitive to oxidative damage due to their high polyunsaturated fatty acid content as well as high oxygen and hemoglobin concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Inhibition of Blood Cholinesterases by the Organophosphate Dichlorvos in Typ-2 Diabetic Patients

Rashid,

Mohammad,

Persike

2021

Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

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Background: Cholinesterases may undergo metabolic alterations due to type 2-diabetes mellitus and their susceptibility to in vitro inhibition by organophosphate insecticides is not known. The aim of the study was to examine in vitro inhibition of plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities in type-2 diabetic patients by the organophosphate insecticide dichlorvos. Methods: Plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities were measured in 32 type-2 diabetic patients and 32 apparently healthy subjects by the spectrophotometric Ellman method. The 10-minute cholinesterase-inhibitor incubation method was used to examine the in-vitro inhibitory effects of dichlorvos (0.5 and 1 µM) on plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities in type-2 diabetic patients vs. control healthy subjects. Results: Plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities in type-2 diabetic patients were significantly higher than those of the apparently healthy control subjects. Dichlorvos at 0.5 and 1 µM in vitro significantly inhibited plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities in both control and diabetic subjects. However, the percentages of blood cholinesterase inhibition in diabetic patients were more than those of respective control values. Conclusion:Patients with diabetes could be more sensitive to toxicity by cholinesterase inhibitors. Accordingly, caution should be practiced in patients using cholinesterase inhibitors.

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“…ACh is a neurotransmitter that is synthesized by choline actyltransferase and hydrolyzed by AChE and it plays a major role in learning and memory in the brain. AD is known to exert excessive activation of AChE and thereby inhibit the role of cholinergic neurotransmitters, thus affecting cognition, and furthermore affecting neuronal apoptosis [29]. IR mainly breaks down energy homeostasis by mitochondrial dysfunction and impairs the role of insulin, which is known to regulate the neurotransmitters ACh and norepinephrine, affecting cognition [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus Extract on Neurodegeneration Improvement: Ameliorating Role in Cognitive Disorder Caused by High-Fat Diet Induced Obesity

et al. 2019

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This study was performed to estimate the possibility of using an ethyl acetate fraction from Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (EFAD) on metabolic syndrome that is induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). It was demonstrated that EFAD suppresses lipid accumulation and improves insulin resistance (IR) caused by Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in in-vitro experiments using the 3T3-L1 cell. In in-vivo tests, C57BL/6 mice were fed EFAD at 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight (BW) for four weeks after the mice were fed HFD for 15 weeks to induce obesity. EFAD significantly suppressed the elevation of BW and improved impaired glucose tolerance in obese mice. Additionally, this study showed that EFAD has an ameliorating effect on obesity-induced cognitive disorder with behavioral tests. The effect of EFAD on peripheral-IR improvement was confirmed by serum analysis and western blotting in peripheral tissues. Additionally, EFAD showed an ameliorating effect on HFD-induced oxidative stress, impaired cholinergic system and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are interrelated symptoms of neurodegeneration, such as Alzheimer’s disease and central nervous system (CNS)-IR in brain tissue. Furthermore, we confirmed that EFAD improves CNS-IR by confirming the IR-related factors in brain tissue. Consequently, this study suggests the possibility of using EFAD for the prevention of neurodegeneration by improving metabolic syndrome that is caused by HFD.

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Comparative study of cholinergic and oxidative stress biomarkers in brains of diabetic and hypercholesterolemic rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 53 publications

Tucumã ( Astrocaryum aculeatum ) prevents memory loss and oxidative imbalance in the brain of rats with hyperlipidemia

Tucumã ( Astrocaryum aculeatum ) prevents memory loss and oxidative imbalance in the brain of rats with hyperlipidemia

In Vitro Inhibition of Blood Cholinesterases by the Organophosphate Dichlorvos in Typ-2 Diabetic Patients

Effect of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus Extract on Neurodegeneration Improvement: Ameliorating Role in Cognitive Disorder Caused by High-Fat Diet Induced Obesity

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