Comparative Study of Climate Change and its Impact on Ring-Widths of Spruce (Picea smithiana) at Kalam and Kaghan Forest Divisions, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Shah, Hamid Ullah; Jehan, Noor; Rehman, Sadia; Bukhari, S.S.

doi:10.17582/journal.sja/2019/35.3.788.797

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Over the last century, the temperature in Northern Pakistan has progressively increased, as reported by Bukhari and Bajwa [10] and Shah et al [81]. The results of the growth relationships of fir and spruce with seasonal PDSI show an increased correlation after warming (Table 4).…”

Section: Dendroclimatological Relationship Before and After Rapid War...supporting

confidence: 54%

The Climate-Growth Relationship between Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss. and Abies pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Royle along the Latitudinal Gradient in Northern Pakistan

Ullah

Wang

Hussain

et al. 2022

Forests

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A changing climate and global warming have adversely affected Pakistan’s moist and dry temperate vegetation. Abies pindrow (fir) (Royle ex D.Don) Royle and Picea smithiana (spruce) Wall.) Boiss are the two major representative species of the moist and dry temperate forests in Northern Pakistan. The dendroclimatic study of both species is crucial for the assessment of climate variability at various spatial and temporal scales. This study examined the dendroclimatology of fir and spruce, and analyzed the growth–climate relationship along the latitudinal gradient. Two hundred and nineteen samples (ring cores) of the two species were collected from five different sites (Shogran (SHG), Upper Dir (UDS), Bahrain Swat (BSG), Astore Gilgit (NPKA), and Sharan Kaghan (SHA)) in Northern Pakistan. The cores were cross-dated, and chronologies were generated for the species and climatic data (precipitation, temperature, and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI)) correlated with radial growth. The interspecies correlations for fir were calculated as 0.54, 0.49, 0.52, 0.60, and 0.48 for SHG, UDS, BSG, NPKA, and SHA, respectively, whereas in the case of spruce, the interspecies correlations were 0.44 for SHG, 0.55 for UDS, and 0.49 for BSG. Climate variability was observed in the samples of both species, which showed significant drought and humid years at specific intervals. With respect to the correlation between tree-ring width and climatic factors, a positive correlation was observed between fir growth and summer season precipitation, mean temperature, and PDSI in the spring, summer, and autumn seasons. Similarly, the growth of spruce was positively correlated with precipitation (in February, September, and May) and PDSI (in the summer and autumn seasons); however, no correlation was observed between monthly temperature and spruce growth. The relationship of fir and spruce growth with seasonal precipitation and PDSI showed a change from a negative to a positive correlation after 1980, following rapid warming. During the winter and spring, the correlation coefficient between fir radial growth and seasonal temperature showed an initial upward trend followed by a progressive decrease along with increasing latitude. Seasonal variations were observed regarding the correlation coefficient between spruce radial growth and increasing latitude (increasing in winter; a decreasing trend in spring and summer; an initial increase and then a decrease in autumn). In the same way, the correlation of seasonal temperature and PDSI with the radial growth of both species showed increasing trends with increasing latitude, except in the autumn season.

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Section: Dendroclimatological Relationship Before and After Rapid War...supporting

confidence: 54%

The Climate-Growth Relationship between Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss. and Abies pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Royle along the Latitudinal Gradient in Northern Pakistan

Ullah

Wang

Hussain

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…Moreover, the impact on the growth and function of forest tree plants will appear as differences in annual growth ring widths and other plant characteristics, in a climate effected region. These differences have an effect on forest products as well as the nature of timber and other products harvested from such forests (Shah et al, 2019). The fossil fuel-based economy will not only affect the forest cover, it will also act to trigger its effects on human health, land sliding, transport, ecology, and biodiversity.…”

Section: Climate Vulnerability Of the Kpk Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Climate Change Impacts and Tradeoffs Established Under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways of IPCC AR6 using A Moderate Resolution GCM viz. MRI-ESM2-0 of CMIP6 over Pakistan

Khan¹,

Wazir²,

Riaz³

et al. 2022

economics

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Pakistan will be 100 years by the end of mid-21st century. Within its continued lifespan, it has borne witness to various climate change hazards exclusively conveyed under the umbrella of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports (ARs). Recently published IPCC’s AR6 establishes its distinctiveness by addressing co-benefits, risks, interactions, trade-offs and economic development factors associated with magnitude of climate change factors, both regionally and globally. With heavy exposure to climate change indications in recent times, implications of such factors to shared socioeconomic narratives needed attention, especially over Pakistan region. To address this, a moderate resolution General Circulation Model (GCM) viz. MRI-ESM2-0 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) was engaged to detect magnitude of potential risks associated with five Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) in the future. Change in mean state of global climate extracted over local realm was integrated with Gantt-like charts to depict severity and abruptness of the studied pathways to potential threats and balances over provinces and regions of Pakistan. Results revealed realms of risk that potentially placed the provinces and the regions at par with globally provoked hazards, yet simultaneously co-befitted them with tradeoff of boosts in economic development based on fossil fuel investments. Nevertheless predictions of such nature are constrained with global and local policy interventions, and hence are conveyed as spectrum of potential implications of the global climate change on national realms in the future.

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“…Hence, tree rings help to determine these climatic extremes and predict the future climate (Shah et al,. 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendrochronological studies of Pinus roxburghii and Pinus wallichiana from Ghora Galli, Murree

Ullah¹,

Tayab²,

Réhman³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The present study described the dendrochronological studies of Pinus roxburghii and Pinus wallichiana growing in Ghora Galli, Murree. Study area was subdivided into roadside and away from roadside. It was found that along road side the maximum diameter, age, growth rate and height of Pinus roxburghii were 71 inches, 304 age, 0.277 and 97 feet respectively. Similarly maximum diameter, age, growth rate and height of Pinus roxburghii growing away from road side were 93.5 inches, 328 years, 0.358 inches/year and 99 feet height respectively. Maximum DBH, age, growth rate and height of Pinus wallichiana growing along the roadside was 63 inches, 223 years, 0.392 inches/year and 83 feet height respectively. While, studying the trees of Pinus wallichiana growing away from road side it was found that the maximum DBH, age, growth rate and height were 56.5 inches, 158 years, 0.437 years/inches and 62 respectively. It was also found that growth rate of trees growing away from the road was greater than those growing along the road. A significant correlation between growth rate and height was found While studying the correlation between height and growth rate, it was found that there was no any significant correlation. In vegetation studies, it was found that dominant trees were from Pinaceae family. Shrubs were with three families while herbs contained eleven families and ferns were found with only two families. Maximum IVI from trees was of Pinus wallichiana with 11.07 belonging to Pinaceae family and 7.73 for Hedera nepalensis belonging to Araliaceae family. Similarly, 4.27 was maximum IVI for Artemisia vulgaris of Asteraceae family and 5.44 from ferns the maximum IVI of Adiantum capillus belonging to Adiantaceae family.

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Comparative Study of Climate Change and its Impact on Ring-Widths of Spruce (Picea smithiana) at Kalam and Kaghan Forest Divisions, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Climate-Growth Relationship between Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss. and Abies pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Royle along the Latitudinal Gradient in Northern Pakistan

The Climate-Growth Relationship between Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss. and Abies pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Royle along the Latitudinal Gradient in Northern Pakistan

Identification of Climate Change Impacts and Tradeoffs Established Under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways of IPCC AR6 using A Moderate Resolution GCM viz. MRI-ESM2-0 of CMIP6 over Pakistan

Dendrochronological studies of Pinus roxburghii and Pinus wallichiana from Ghora Galli, Murree

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