Comparative study of clinical and endocrinal profile between lean and obese patients of polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder having escalation in its prevalence. It is the most frequent cause of oligoanovulatory infertility. This study was conducted to compare the clinical and endocrinal profile of PCOS in lean PCOS (BMI<23 kg/m2) and obese PCOS (BMI>23 kg/m2) women. Methods: A prospective study was conducted for 6 months in department of obstetrics and gynecology, GMERS Medical college, Junagadh. 100 healthy women who were euthyroid with age range 20-38 years who presented to gynecology OPD and diagnosed to have PCOS according to ESHRE/ASRM criteria were included in the study. BMI (body mass index) was calculated by the formula weight in kg/height in meter square. BMI were calculated were divided into 2 groups. Lean PCOS found in patients with BMI<23 kg/m2 and overweight/obese PCOS found in patients with BMI>23 kg/m2. History of menstrual irregularity, hirsutism, acne, alopecia, infertility, history of weight gain, history of voice change, family history of PCOS, diabetes was taken and hormonal profile was done. Results: The findings showed a no significant correlation of clinical profile i.e., menstrual irregularities, acne vulgaris, acanthosis nigricans and hirsutism in both groups. The waist-hip ratio was higher obese PCOS women. High levels of serum testosterone were seen in obese women with PCOS, whereas there is no correlation between other hormone like FSH, LH, TSH and LH/FSH in both study groups. Conclusions: PCOS is a risk factor for endocrinal and metabolic derangements irrespective of the BMI status. More than half of women with PCOS were obese. Increased BMI in PCOS women is associated with increased WHR and raised serum testosterone with no difference in other endocrine parameters.