Comparative study of cytology of cynomolgus monkey oocytes matured in vivo and in vitro

Yin, Han; Gosden, R. G.; Duffy, Danelle

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.733

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The number of oocytes obtained from superovulation in this study seems not as high as those previously reported in other monkey studies (26). On average, we obtained 26 oocytes per cycle from cynomolgus monkeys, and the percentage of M-II oocytes was approximately 30%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Efficient reproduction of cynomolgus monkey using pronuclear embryo transfer technique

Sun

Dong

Yang

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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One of the technical bottlenecks in producing nonhuman primate models is that current assisted reproductive techniques, such as in vitro culture and frozen conservation of multicell-stage embryos, often result in poor embryo quality and subsequently lead to low birth rates. We investigated whether pronuclear embryo transfer can be used as an effective means for improving pregnancy and live birth rates of nonhuman primates. We collected 174 metaphase II oocytes by laparoscopy from 22 superovulated mature females and then fertilized these eggs using either in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection, resulting in a 33.3% and a 50% fertilization rate, respectively. These 66 fertilized pronuclear-stage embryos were then tubally transferred to 30 recipients and led to 7 births and 1 abortion. Importantly, we observed that the highest live birth rate of Ϸ64% was obtained when the transfer of pronuclear embryos was performed in the presence of new corpus luteum in the ovary of recipients between 24 h and 36 h after estradiol peak. Therefore, our experiments demonstrate that by matching the critical time window in the recipient's reproductive cycle for achieving optimal embryo-uterine synchrony, pronuclear embryo transfer technology can significantly improve the pregnancy rate and live birth of healthy baby monkeys. This efficient method should be valuable to the systematic efforts in construction of various transgenic primate disease models.in vitro fertilization ͉ intracytoplasmic sperm injection ͉ test-tube monkey ͉ transgenic monkey ͉ embryo-uterine synchrony C onsidering the great genetic and physiologic similarities with humans, nonhuman primates such as monkeys represent the most ideal experimental models for detailed analysis of biologic processes under physiologic or pathologic conditions. As a result, new drug candidates are typically required to go through systematic assessment of drug efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity in monkeys before their evaluation in human clinical trials. Furthermore, monkeys are the most favored organisms for in-depth analysis of neural mechanisms underlying high cognition and complex behavior. It is conceivable that the potential of the nonhuman primate model systems can be further expanded when researchers introduce or remove genes of interest by transgenic methods that have been proven so powerful in lower organisms such as mice, zebra fish, and fruit flies.One of the major bottlenecks in producing transgenic monkeys is the low birth rate of ''test-tube'' baby monkeys with assisted reproductive technologies. Although the first birth of a monkey (a rhesus macaque) after in vitro fertilization (IVF) was reported in 1984 (1), constraints on materials and resources for systematic experimentation with various in vitro culture conditions and procedures have contributed to the slow progress of the field. There are also many factors that can greatly affect the quality of embryo development and the rates of pregnancy and live birth. For example, the success of IVF meth...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%