Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulphate as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: spinal anaesthesia is a widely used simple anaesthethetic technique providing adequate analgesia and muscle relaxation. Search for an adjuvant providing satisfactory intra and post-operative analgesia is still continuing. This study aims to compare the dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to spinal anaesthesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After obtaining institutional ethical committee approval and written informed consent from patients 90 ASA grade I &II patients of either sex having height between 140-180 cm and weight between 40-90 kg were randomly divided in 3 groups of 30 patients each (n=30). Group C: Received 3.0 ml 0.5% bupivacaine heavy + 0.5 ml NS. Group M: Received 3.0 ml 0.5% bupivacaine heavy + 50 mg MgSO4 diluted to 0.5 ml of NS. Group D: Received 3.0 ml 0.5% bupivacaine heavy 10 +dexmedetomidine 10µg diluted to 0.5 ml NS. RESULTS: onset of sensory and motor block was delayed in Group M as compared to group D and group C. Onset of sensory and motor block in group D was significantly faster as compared to group C and group M. Total duration of sensory anaesthesia, duration of sensory block and duration of motor block was significantly prolonged in group D as compared to group M and group C. Patients were hemodynamically stable in all the groups. There were no incidences of any significant adverse effect in any group. CONCLUSION: intrathecal dexmedetomidine is a better adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine because of rapid onset of sensory and motor blockade and prolonged duration of sensory and motor blockade without any potential side effects.

Comparative Evaluation of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulphate as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine for Lower Abdominal and Lower Limb Surgeries

“…Mean time to requirement of first post-operative analgesic was minimum in Group B (190.43 ± 44.14 min) and maximum in Group D (299.27 ± 47.3 min). It was 243.53 ± 36.94 min in Group M. This was consistent with the study results of Rajni gupta et al 20 and, Malleeswaran et al, 21 R.K. Singh et al 22 The study by Hala E A eid et al 16 Rajni Gupta et al 23 also concludes that dexmedetomidine intrathecally prolongs the motor block. They reported a time duration of 280±46 min in 10 μg dexmedetomidine group and 336±58 min in 15 μg dexmedetomidine group in conjugation with a total volume of 3.0 ml heavy bupivacaine.…”