Comparative Study of Heavy Metals in Dried and Fluid Milk in Peshawar by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Lutfullah, Ghosia; Khan, Abid Ali; Amjad, A.; Perveen, Sajida

doi:10.1155/2014/715845

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Pilarczyk et al reported lower values of Cu in cow like our study except buffalo [18]. Lutfullah et al reported lower levels of Cu except buffalo, which are in accordance with present study [19]. …”

Section: Copper Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery Detection of Heavy Metals in Milk of Camel, Cattle, Buffalo and Goat from Various Areas of Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan

Ahmad¹,

Zaman²,

Samad³

et al. 2017

J Anal Bioanal Tech

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The determination of the seven elements was performed by Perkin Elmer Atomic Absorption (AA) spectrophotometer. The present study highlights the importance of seven heavy metals residual concentration including Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in milk of Camel, Cattle, Buffalo, Sheep and Goat from various areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. It revealed that milk of camel comprising of high levels of Zn (5.150 ± 0.021 mg/kg), Mn (0.094 ± 0.003 mg/kg) and Fe (1.580 ± 0.530 mg/kg) with a definite correlation. In the milk of buffalo, high concentration of noxious heavy metals including Cu (0.223 ± 0.010 mg/kg) and Cd (0.117 ± 0.086 mg/kg) were found whereas in goat milk, high Ni (1.152 ± 0.045 mg/kg) and Cr (1.152 ± 0.045 mg/kg) was observed and detected. The analysis showed that camel and buffalo have similar high concentration of heavy metals. Overall results showed that milk of cattle shows higher concentration of Zn, Mn and Fe along with Buffalo.

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Section: Copper Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Meshref et al reported upper limits of Zn in milk and milk products as compared to this study [16]. Lutfullah et al reported greater level of Zn in milk while this study we observed higher value of Zn in camel milk [19].…”

Section: Zinc Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 43%

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery Detection of Heavy Metals in Milk of Camel, Cattle, Buffalo and Goat from Various Areas of Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan

Ahmad¹,

Zaman²,

Samad³

et al. 2017

J Anal Bioanal Tech

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“…In our study the highest content range was observed especially for Mn, where the difference was even 3.5-times and 6-times in FM and HM milk group, respectively. Similarly, high significant differences in mean values of Mn between products were also described by Lutfullah et al [ 38 ] in formulas available in Pakistan and in mentioned above Jurowski et al [ 36 ] and Ljung et al [ 5 ] works.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Higher than the established in our study Pb content in modified milk was found in other authors [ 52 , 58 ]. In many cases estimated daily Pb exposure was within the safety limits [ 13 , 32 , 35 , 38 , 41 , 42 , 53 , 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Baby Milk—Bioelements Composition and Toxic Elements Contamination

et al. 2021

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Breast milk has the most suitable composition for the proper development in the first year of a child’s life. However, it is often replaced with artificial milk. The aim of the study was to analyze the composition of essential elements: Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn as well as toxic elements: Ni, Pb, Sr, Li, and In in 18 formulas available in Poland. The daily supply was also estimated. The study was performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry method. The results showed the presence of all essential elements tested, but the content of P and Mn significantly differed from the concentrations declared. Such discrepancies can have significant impact on the daily dose of the bioelements taken. However, the content of elements was within the reference standards established by the EU Directive with exception of P, the amount of which exceeded the norms 5.23–18.80-times. Daily supply of P in tested milk as well as Fe and Mn provided with first and hypoallergenic formula exceeded the adequate intake. Analysis revealed the contamination with harmful elements—Pb, Sr, Li, and In were detected in almost all products. The study confirms the data concerning some discrepancies in composition and the contamination of food and may provide information on the feeding quality of children and estimation of health risk associated with exposure to toxic elements.

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“…Currently, adding vitamins and trace elements to the products is a common practice among manufacturers. Sometimes, these have been added in large quantities to the point that they have been found to be toxic, even though they are essential in smaller, physiological amounts (12). For example, zinc is important for growth and muscle development of an infant and plays an important role in cell division which is massive during infancy; thus it is intentionally added to infant formulas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Element Concentrations in Commercial Infant Formulas Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Ünüvar¹

2017

At.Spectrosc.

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The presence of heavy metals, inadequate minerals and elements in infant foods is of great concern. In this study, the heavy metals aluminum (Al) and lead (Pb), essential elements such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), and minerals such as calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in five different brands of 20 infant formula samples obtained from pharmacies and supermarkets in Malatya, Turkey. The Joint FAO/ WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has set the maximum concentration levels of heavy metals in infant formula and levels of provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of these metals by infants. The levels of Al and Pb in the analyzed samples were found to be under legal limits. The recommended daily intake (RDI) of the essential elements and minerals were found within normal and permissible ranges, showing that the formulas are safe for infants.

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Comparative Study of Heavy Metals in Dried and Fluid Milk in Peshawar by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery Detection of Heavy Metals in Milk of Camel, Cattle, Buffalo and Goat from Various Areas of Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery Detection of Heavy Metals in Milk of Camel, Cattle, Buffalo and Goat from Various Areas of Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan

Modified Baby Milk—Bioelements Composition and Toxic Elements Contamination

Determination of Element Concentrations in Commercial Infant Formulas Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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