Comparative Study of Incidence Rates and Antibiogram of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Intensive Care Unit Versus Non-Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Objective: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) is the most common HAI which leads to increased hospital stay and morbidity. The study aimed to compare the incidence rates of CAUTI per 1000 catheter days and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern between intensive care unit (ICU) and non ICU and to determine predisposing risk factors, indications, and outcomes of CAUTI.
 Methods: A comparative observational study was conducted in ICU and non ICU for a period of 6 months. The sample size of the study was 120. The data were collected, analyzed in terms of both inferential and descriptive statistics.
 Results: The incidence rate per thousand catheter days in non ICU was more as compared to ICU. The significant risk factors associated with CAUTI were the duration of catheterization and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The majority of the patients were catheterized for indications such as critically ill and unconsciousness followed by measurement of urine output. The outcomes of CAUTI were increased duration of hospitalization and recovery of patients. All the Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates from non ICU were sensitive to piperacillin + tazobactam and meropenem. All the isolates from ICU and non ICU were resistant to co-trimoxazole.
 Conclusion: The urinary catheter is an essential part of modern medical care. Unfortunately, when used inappropriately or when left in place for too long, it is a hazard to the patient. This study helps to prevent indiscriminate and irrational use of antibiotics which contribute to emerging of drug resistance strains.

Nurse's knowledge and practice towards prevention of catheter‐associated urinary tract infection: A systematic review

“…Suppose a patient has an IUC and exhibits at least one of the following symptoms within 48 hours of the onset of infectivity such as fever, urgency, dysuria, suprapubic tenderness, pain or costovertebral angle tenderness, and a urine +ve culture. In that case, they are considered to have a CAUTI 4 . The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that healthcare‐associated infections (HAIs) cause serious harm to hundreds of millions of people every year, resulting in high mortality rates and substantial economic losses for healthcare systems around the globe 5 .…”

“…In that case, they are considered to have a CAUTI. 4 The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) cause serious harm to hundreds of millions of people every year, resulting in high mortality rates and substantial economic losses for healthcare systems around the globe. 5 Over 150 million people worldwide get CAUTIs every year, making them the most common infectious disease.…”