In this study, a two-dimensional model of a medium-power inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch was established to investigate the effects of different geometric parameters on the plasma properties, such as the temperature, velocity and electromagnetic field by performing multi-physical field-coupling simulations. The effects of the coil position, number of coil turns, input power and inductive current frequency on the plasma properties were studied and discussed in detail for a medium-power ICP torch. The results show that the coil position can affect the plasma uniformity, i.e., with increasing distance between the coil and the middle quartz tube, the plasma uniformity increases. When the number of coil turns is small, the electromagnetic field intensity is strong. In addition, when the input power and the current frequency are enhanced, the plasma temperature and volume both increase. Due to the effect of E-H mode conversion hysteresis, as the input power is increased, the temperature changes little, but the electromagnetic field intensity and the plasma velocity increase significantly.