Comparative Study of Microcelluloses Isolated From Two Different Biomasses with Commercial Cellulose

Abstract

e Microcelluloses (MCs) were chemically isolated from two different biomass sources, empty fruit bunches (EFB) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The resulting MCs were compared to the commercially available cellulose (MCSigma) that was used as a standard. Structural, crystalline, morphological, and thermal properties of all specimens were characterized and compared by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FTIR analysis verified that the chemical treatments removed non-cellulosic constituents including hemicelluloses and lignin. XRD patterns revealed the crystallinity increment from 43.1% to 52.1% for MC-EFB and 38.9% to 52.4% for MC-SCB. SEM images demonstrated the fibrillar structure of both MC-EFB and MC-SCB, and their surfaces were smoother compared with MC-Sigma. From the TG curves, MC-EFB provided the highest thermal stability, as it had the highest maximum degradation temperature at 345 °C. DSC results showed only one endothermic peak for all specimens. Taken together, these results reasonably confirmed that the MCs from EFB and SCB are comparable to standard MC-Sigma.

Efficient Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions by Using Oil Palm Bio-Waste/MWCNTs Reinforced PVA Hydrogel Composites: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Modeling

“…TGA analysis was divided into two steps. In the first step, water vaporization occurred between 50 and 100 • C while in the second step, the weight loss gradually occurred between 200 and 400 • C due to the degradation of hemicellulose, lignin, and cellulose of OPB [47]. The above conclusions verified more OPB particles, which are in well agreement with FTIR as well as FESEM results.…”

Effect of Temperature on Calorific Value of Pyrolyzed Empty Fruit Bunch (Efb) Derived Biochar

“…In addition, the area of 1500 to 600 cm-1 is called the fingerprint area of spectra which has many sharp and well defined absorption bands due to the various functional groups presence in each component of raw EFB. The elemental and functional group composition of the raw EFB obtained from this FTIR analysis was similar to a previous study conducted by Wei Ting [19]. He distinctive bands in the fingerprint region and the components to which these peaks are shown in Table 3.2.…”

Isolation and characterization of micro cellulose obtained from waste mango

“…After bleaching, the fibres had sizes ranging from 40 to 400 μm in length with a uniform surface and rectangular shape (Figure 2b). Owi et al [42] characterized micro celluloses chemically isolated from fruit bunches and sugarcane bagasse as well as commercial cellulose (Sigma™) with characteristics similar to those obtained in this study after extraction, particularly in fibre shape and surface. In a similar manner, Nagalakshmaiah et al [43] report the shape and diameter of chili fibres by an acid hydrolysis treatment.…”