Comparative study of neuropeptide signaling systems in Hemiptera

Abstract

Numerous physiological processes in insects are tightly regulated by neuropeptides and their receptors. Although they form an ancient signaling system, there is still a great deal of variety in neuropeptides and their receptors among different species within the same order. Neuropeptides and their receptors have been documented in many hemipteran insects, but the differences among them have been poorly characterized. Commercial grapevines worldwide are plagued by the bug Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha). Here, 33 neuropeptide precursors and 48 putative neuropeptide G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) genes were identified in D. vitifoliae. Their expression profiles at the probe and feeding stages reflected potential regulatory roles in probe behavior. By comparison, we found that the Releasing Hormone‐Related Peptides (GnRHs) system of Sternorrhyncha was differentiated from those of the other 2 suborders in Hemiptera. Independent secondary losses of the adipokinetic hormone/corazonin‐related peptide receptor (ACP) and corazonin (CRZ) occurred during the evolution of Sternorrhyncha. Additionally, we discovered that the neuropeptide signaling systems of Sternorrhyncha were very different from those of Heteroptera and Auchenorrhyncha, which was consistent with Sternorrhyncha's phylogenetic position at the base of the order. This research provides more knowledge on neuropeptide systems and sets the groundwork for the creation of novel D. vitifoliae management strategies that specifically target these signaling pathways.

Identification of neuropeptides and their G protein‐coupled receptors in the predatory stink bug, Arma custos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

“…Numbers in grids indicated the numbers of multiple precursor genes identified. The data for other species were mainly taken from Halyomorpha halys (Lavore et al, 2018), Nezara viridula (Lavore et al, 2018), Lygus hesperus (Christie et al, 2016; Hull et al, 2021), R. prolixus (Ons et al, 2011), Nilaparvata lugens (Tanaka et al, 2014), Diaphorina citri (Wang et al, 2018), Bemisia tabaci (Li, Shi, et al, 2020), Acyrthosiphon pisum (Huybrechts et al, 2010; Li et al, 2013), and Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Gao et al, 2022). Some novel neuropeptides of other species were identified by the homolog research against NCBI database.…”

“…Compared to some other neuropeptide signaling systems, A. custos lacked both the trissin precursor and its receptor. Trissin and its receptor have not been identified in other hemipteran species to date (Gao et al, 2022; Lavore et al, 2018). AST‐C was not found in the A. custos transcriptome, however, AST‐CC and AST‐CCC were identified in A. custos , which is consistent with many insect species which lost AST‐C (Veenstra, 2016).…”

“…Hemiptera represents the largest and most diverse group of hemimetabolous insects (Stork, 2018), including many species that are harmful to humans, animals, and plants, as well as a few important natural enemies such as predatory bugs. Comprehensive analysis of gene sequences of neuropeptides and their GPCRs of hemipterans has been reported in several hemipteran insects, such as Acyrthosiphon pisum (Huybrechts et al, 2010; Li et al, 2013), Aphis craccivora (Li, Du, et al, 2020), Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Gao et al, 2022) of Sternorrhyncha, Nilaparvata lugens (Tanaka et al, 2014) of Auchenorrhyncha, and four heteropteran species: Rhodnius prolixus (Ons et al, 2011, 2016), Lygus hesperus (Christie et al, 2016; Hull et al, 2021), Nezara viridula , and Halyomorpha halys (Lavore et al, 2018). However, research on the identification of neuropeptides or their GPCRs in predatory bugs is absent to date.…”

Identification and expression analysis of neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors in the predatory stink bug, Arma custos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

“…Compared with some other neuropeptide signaling systems, A. custos lacked both the trissin precursor and its receptor. Trissin and its receptor have not been identi ed in other hemipteran species to date 12,18 . AST-C was not found in the A. custos transcriptome, however, AST-CC and AST-CCC were identi ed in A. custos, which is consistent with many insect species which lost AST-C 20 .…”

“…Hemiptera represents the largest and most diverse group of hemimetabolous insects 8 , which includes many species harmful to human, animals and plants and also contains a few important natural enemies such as predatory bugs. Comprehensive analysis of gene sequences of neuropeptides and their GPCRs of Hemiptera has been reported in several hemipteran insects, such as Acyrthosiphon pisum 9,10 , Aphis craccivora 11 , Daktulosphaira vitifoliae 12 of Sternorrhyncha, Nilaparvata lugens 13 of Auchenorrhyncha, and four Heteropteran species: Rhodnius prolixus 14,15 , Lygus hesperus 16,17 , Nezara viridula and Halyomorpha halys 18 . However, research on the identi cation of neuropeptides or their GPCRs in predatory bugs is absent to date.…”