Comparative study of rhomboidal mixing sections using the boundary element method

A Method for the Validation of Simulated Mixing Characteristics of Two Dynamic Mixers in Single-Screw Extrusion

“…For 80 kg/h, the numbers are ~48 Watt per Kelvin and ~0.25 Watt per Kelvin. Heat conduction in the screw also was neglected by [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

“…Rios et al use the boundary element method to compare several different designs of rhomboidal mixing sections with regard to pressure loss and residence time distribution, with a subset of the designs also being subjected to laboratory trials including an analysis of colorant distribution and thermal homogeneity [ 23 , 24 ]. However, the simulation is somewhat simplified and thermal mixing is not considered during design and only measured ‘after the fact’.…”

“…Of the 15 simulation-driven research works cited as [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], only three [ 27 , 28 , 39 ] validate their findings. When validation is done, it frequently takes the form of only comparing the simulated and real pressure drop across the entire mixer, e.g., in [ 24 , 27 ]. Frequently, validation is only undertaken by comparing extrudate properties such as temperature and colorant distribution as a function of mixing element geometry and operating point, e.g., in [ 24 , 27 ].…”

“…When validation is done, it frequently takes the form of only comparing the simulated and real pressure drop across the entire mixer, e.g., in [ 24 , 27 ]. Frequently, validation is only undertaken by comparing extrudate properties such as temperature and colorant distribution as a function of mixing element geometry and operating point, e.g., in [ 24 , 27 ]. Neither method allows a highly resolved analysis of local flow velocities and material temperatures.…”

Parametric Study of the Mixing Efficiency in a Kneading Block Section of a Twin-screw Extruder

“…Ishikawa et al [22] investigate the impact of different combinations of kneading blocks on the mixing efficiency of a twin-screw extruder in 2001. As suggested by Rios et al [23], the boundary element method offers an alternative to the meshing effort but incorporating non-linearity of a rheological model is a very tedious issue. In this paper, we use a constrained finite element formulation for non-conforming meshes.…”